دانشگاه گلستان مجله آمایش جغرافیایی فضا 2538-5739 12 4 2023 01 21 Survey the factors affecting the future situation of housing in the Tabriz metropolis بررسی عوامل موثر بر وضعیت آینده مسکن در کلانشهر تبریز 1 17 168368 10.30488/gps.2021.252181.3318 FA رسول قربانی گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران هوشمند علیزاده گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران سونیا کرمی گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامه‌ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران 0000-0002-2159-6646 Journal Article 2022 08 28 A B S T R A C T The current research aims to investigate the status of quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing and to identify the key and influencing factors on the future of this sector in the Tabriz metropolis. The current research method is practical in terms of its purpose, and the description of the evolutionary process of quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in the last 40 years and the analysis of factors affecting the future state of this sector have led to the fact that the current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of research method. To collect data from statistical yearbooks, censuses of different periods and the environmental survey method, and to analyze the data and determine the key factors, the interaction/structural effects analysis method with MICMAC software was used. The results of the research show that from 1976 to 2016, most of the quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in the metropolis of Tabriz have improved. In the same way, 61 factors in five areas that have the greatest influence on the future state of housing in the municipality of Tabriz were selected using the method of environmental scanning. Among the mentioned factors, using the mutual/structural effects analysis method, 11 key factors that play the most significant role in the future state of housing in the metropolis were selected. Tabriz has been extracted, which includes: economic growth, inflation, household income and savings, land and housing prices, sanctions, exchange rate changes, banking facilities, unemployment rate, political changes, purchasing power and management style. Among the above 11 factors, economic factors have the largest share with 82% share and political-management factors are the next with 18% share. Therefore, the improvement of the housing situation in the metropolis of Tabriz depends to a large extent on the improvement of the economic conditions. Extended Abstract Introduction Housing as a heterogeneous, durable, immovable, capital consumer with side effects has a significant role in employment and value-added of countries. Therefore, the foresight of this important economic sector to identify critical indicators affecting the housing situation, provide adequate and affordable housing, adapt it to household needs, and prevent capital wastage are the main priorities of planning and policy-making in the field of housing. In recent years, Tabriz metropolis has experienced many problems in the field of housing, including the lack of housing units, rising prices, lack of proper quality and non-compliance of housing with household needs. Therefore, foresight and recognizing the indicators affecting the housing situation are among the needs of housing planning and management, especially in metropolitan areas, which have always been involved in the problem of housing shortage. The present study aims to determine the indicators affecting the future of housing in Tabriz using a prospective approach to inform policy makers and housing planners of these influential factors. Thus, considering the importance of future study in the present research, we intend to find out: -What is the situation of quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in the metropolis of Tabriz in recent decades? -What are the effective and influential factors in the future of the housing situation in Tabriz metropolis? Methodology The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and research method. In order to collect data, statistical yearbooks, censuses of different periods, and environmental scanning methods have been used. The environmental scanning was done through a group of experts, so the first 40 specialists and experts in the field of urban housing (professors of geography and urban planning, housing and urban planning experts and consulting engineers) were selected, then during the meetings (in the form of meetings, private meetings and interviews), the steps of research process and extracting their opinions were performed. In the next step, specialists and experts were asked to judge the relationships between the research variables as well as the opinions of other members of the group. Finally, after extracting the opinions and monitoring the variables, 61 factors in 5 areas were selected as factors affecting the housing future situation in Tabriz metropolis. Then using the Cross-structural impacts analysis method with MICMAC software, the relationships between the factors were investigated and the key and influential factors on the housing future situation in Tabriz metropolis were identified. Results and discussion In relation to the quality condition of housing, all indicators indicate an improvement in the trend in the last 40 years, and the only indicator of the ownership, despite the increase in the number of owner households, shows a decrease in the percentage of owners and an increase in the percentage of tenants. According to the data of the last 40 years, among the 12 indicators affecting the quantitative and qualitative status of housing, Tabriz metropolis in five indicators, the ratio of household growth to the housing unit, the density of people per residential unit, the density of people per room, building materials and facilities and equipment is in a better condition than urban areas of the province and Iran, in four indicators of household density per residential unit, average room per residential unit, number of housing with an area of 80-200 meters and housing with a lifespan of fewer than 30 years have a worse situation than urban areas of the province and Iran. In three indicators of the average room for each household, the households’ density per room and the form of housing ownership have an intermediate position compared to urban areas of the province and Iran. Finally, among the 61 factors affecting the future housing situation in Tabriz metropolis, ten key factors (Economic growth, Inflation, Income and savings, Price of land and housing, Sanctions, Currency changes, Bank facilities, Unemployment rate, Political changes and Purchasing power) affecting the future of housing situation in Tabriz metropolis has been identified. Also, the factor of housing market management style as the eleventh factor, according to experts, after the above factors, is recognized as one of the most important factors affecting the future status of the housing. Conclusion According to the results of the research, among the 5 main economic, social, physical, environmental and managerial-political areas affecting the future state of housing in Tabriz metropolis, most of the key and influencing factors on the future state of housing are located in the economic field. So that among the 11 indicators that have the most direct and indirect impact on the housing future situation in the metropolis of Tabriz, nine factors are in the category of economic ones and two other factors are in the category of managerial-political ones. Therefore, the future state of the housing in Tabriz metropolis depends more than anything on economic factors. Actually, the economic index with a long-distance is at the highest level, political-managerial, social, and physical indicators are in almost the same position in the next rank and finally, the environmental index is in the lowest level of impact on the housing future situation in Tabriz metropolis. Therefore, the economic factors with the share of 82% of the key factors are known as the most important factors affecting the housing situation, and the political-management factors with the share of 18% of the key factors are in the next order. The results of the present study can help the planners and policy makers recognize the factors affecting the housing situation and prioritize the development of variables and remind them that the housing programs and schemes may not be successful in the end in the country until the economic situation in the country improves. Therefore, in the conditions of economic growth, removing sanctions, controlling inflation and exchange rate, providing banking facilities, increasing employment and improving the income status of households and their purchasing power, along with the new way of managing the housing market, we will witness the highest level of prosperity in the housing sector of the Tabriz metropolis. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی وضعیت شاخص‌های کمی و کیفی مسکن و شناسایی عوامل کلیدی و تأثیرگذار بر آینده این بخش در کلان‌شهر تبریز می‌باشد. روش تحقیق حاضر به لحاظ هدف کاربردی بوده و توصیف روند تکاملی شاخص‌های کمی و کیفی مسکن در 40 سال گذشته و تحلیل عوامل موثر بر وضعیت آینده این بخش منجر شده است که پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ روش تحقیق، توصیفی- تحلیلی باشد. به‌منظور گردآوری داده از سالنامه‌های آماری، سرشماری‌های ادوار مختلف و روش پویش محیطی و جهت تحلیل داده‌ها و تعیین عوامل کلیدی از روش تحلیل اثرات متقابل/ساختاری با نرم‌افزار MICMAC بهره گرفته‌شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد طی دوره 1395-1355 اغلب شاخص‌های کمی و کیفی مسکن در کلان‌شهر تبریز بهبودیافته است. همین‌طور با روش پویش محیطی 61 عامل در پنج حوزه که بیشترین تأثیر را بر وضعیت آینده مسکن در کلان‌شهر تبریز دارند انتخاب گردید که از میان عوامل مذکور با استفاده از روش تحلیل اثرات متقابل/ساختاری 11 عامل کلیدی که بیشترین نقش را در وضعیت آینده مسکن کلان‌شهر تبریز دارند استخراج شدند که عبارت‌اند از: رشد اقتصادی، تورم، درآمد و پس‌انداز خانوار، قیمت زمین و مسکن، تحریم، تحولات نرخ ارز، تسهیلات بانکی، نرخ بیکاری، تحولات سیاسی، قدرت خرید و شیوه مدیریت. از میان 11 عامل فوق، عوامل اقتصادی با سهم 82 درصدی بیشترین سهم را داشته و عوامل سیاسی- مدیریتی با سهم 18 درصدی در مرتبه بعدی قرار دارند. لذا بهبود وضعیت مسکن در کلان‌شهر تبریز تا حد بسیاری در گرو بهبود شرایط اقتصادی می‌باشد.

https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_168368_f44f17855ee1a405baa55e3e592883b1.pdf

دانشگاه گلستان مجله آمایش جغرافیایی فضا 2538-5739 12 4 2023 06 09 Analysis of the Spatial Distribution of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Order to Preserve and Develop Heritage in Iran تحلیل توزیع فضایی میراث فرهنگی ناملموس در راستای حفاظت و توسعه میراث در ایران 19 37 160390 10.30488/gps.2022.283576.3397 FA سیّد محمّد میرتقیان رودسری گروه گردشگری، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران 0000-0002-5064-6112 محمدامین خراسانی گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران 1111-0000-2222-0000 بهاره خلج گروه سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی و سنجش‌ازدور، دانشکده علوم جغرافیا، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران ایران Journal Article 2023 06 09 A B S T R A C T The Managing and Protection of intangible cultural heritage is done through the process of “identifying, evaluating, documenting and recording, raising awareness, reviving, promoting and transmitting aspects of heritage in all its manifestations.” Considering the richness of Iran in terms of the existence of intangible heritage, the purpose of this study is to investigate the spatial distribution of the protection of intangible cultural heritage in Iran. By examining the relevant documents and extracting information from them, a database of geographical locations of intangible heritage in Iran was formed, and the spatial distribution of intangible heritage was analyzed through the GIS. Findings indicate that a total of 1065 intangible heritage has been registered in Iran and the highest number recorded was related to “skills in handicrafts and traditional arts” and the lowest was related to “traditions and oral manifestations including language (heritage media).” Also, Semnan province, with 66 registered heritages (7%), had the highest number, and Qom province, with 14 heritages (1.4%), had the lowest number of registrations. In addition, in the intangible heritage type of “knowledge and behaviors related to nature and the universe,” there are three provinces. In the heritage type of “traditions and oral manifestations including language (heritage media),” there are 12 provinces that have not registered any related heritage.It can be concluded that the spatial distribution of intangible heritage in Iran was unbalanced, so managing and protecting intangible heritage is not a priority for policymakers in this area, and their approach is passive. Finally, theoretical and practical suggestions were presented based on the findings and results Extended Abstract Introduction Although intangible cultural heritage creates many advantages for a region, policymakers ignore it, and their position is passive in this regard. Due to a lack of culture and heritage, some countries want to create, imitate, and even steal it from other countries to develop and stabilize themselves. In fact, "not having or lacking heritage" has become a challenge for them. On the other hand, some countries are full of heritage due to their ancient wealth and civilization, but this heritage has no place and importance in their development plans. In fact, "diversity of heritage" has become a challenge for them under the title of "accumulation of heritage." Our country, Iran, is in the second group and is facing the challenge of "accumulation of heritage." In closer regard, the accumulation of heritage in Iran is associated with "abandonment." Of course, the accumulation and abandonment of intangible cultural heritage in different areas of Iran are not the same, and there are differences. The lack of accurate understanding of this spatial distribution, both at the managerial level and at the community level, can be the source of neglect and ignorance, which results such as the gradual deterioration of intangible heritage, the lack of content production in accordance with the quantity and quality for education and social awareness in relation to With this heritage at the level of provinces and regions, and weakness in the link will be organized and complementary to heritage and tourism. The present research results can lead to the identification of the spatial arrangement (balanced/unbalanced - balanced/unbalanced) of intangible cultural heritage management and protection. Therefore, the main question of the current research is: What is the spatial distribution of Iran's intangible cultural heritage? Methodology The current research is descriptive and quantitative in terms of purpose and nature, respectively. The statistical population of the research was the documents available on the website of the Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts in the section of the Register of Works and Preservation and Revitalization of cultural and Natural Heritage, where the list of intangible cultural heritage works of Iran's provinces was published. Therefore, the data used in this research were secondary data that were extracted from this document and classified in an Excel file. Then, this file was defined as a database in the geographic information system (GIS). Finally, using the database created in the system, the spatial distribution pattern of intangible cultural heritage was prepared in general and separately by types of intangible heritage. This distribution was compared based on location and type. Results and discussion Based on the list of intangible cultural heritage works of Iran's provinces, 1065 works were registered nationally, of which 983 works were at the provincial level, 21 were at the regional level, and 61 were at the national level. According to the findings, the frequency and percentage of national-regional works, respectively, from more to less are related to "social customs, religious ceremonies and celebrations" (48 cases - 59%), "skills in manual and traditional arts" (16 cases - 19.5%), "traditions and oral manifestations including language (heritage media)" (7 cases - 8.5%), "performing arts" (6 cases - 7%) and "knowledge and behaviors related to Nature and Cosmos" (5 items - 6%). Examining registered works of intangible cultural heritage based on geographical separation (provinces) showed that Semnan province had the most works (66 cases) and Qom province had the least works (14 cases). In addition, the provinces of the country were placed in five groups, which in order of "most to least" registered works include the following: Diamond group: Semnan, Qazvin, Khorasan Razavi and Khuzestan; Amethystine group: Gillan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad, Mazandaran, Kurdistan, Isfahan, Kerman; Golden group: South Khorasan, North Khorasan, East Azerbaijan, Yazd, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari; Silver group: Ardabil, Tehran, Fars, Bushehr, Hamedan, Illam, Markazi and Kermanshah; and Bronze group: Alborz, Hormozgan, West Azerbaijan, Sistan and Baluchistan, Lorestan, Golestan, Zanjan and Qom. Conclusion The distribution of spatial management and protection of intangible heritage in Iran is unbalanced, and the management and protection of intangible heritage is not the priority of the policymakers in this area, and their approach is passive. Considering the variety and abundance of intangible heritage in the country on the one hand and considering the society's low awareness of this heritage, attention to it at the national and regional management levels of tourism and cultural heritage has a high priority. The research findings show that different regions of the country have taken different paths in presenting, introducing, managing, and protecting intangible heritage with very different levels of concern and somehow in a divergent flow. It is certain that if the macro policy is to ignore the intangible heritage, this amount of it should not be included in the national register. Therefore, the damage should be sought in the regional management of intangible cultural heritage. Therefore, the suggestions of this research are presented based on the level of each province and in the form of a priority: For the provinces of the Diamond Group: focus on the production of first-hand and luxurious content in the field of intangible heritage recorded in the national written, visual, and audio media; For the provinces of the amethystine group: focus on recognizing and registering the existing intangible heritage in view of the significant amount of tangible heritage in these provinces, and in order to complete it; For the provinces of the Golden Group: Emphasis on the competitive advantages of the tourism sector in these provinces to brand places and regions that benefit from a significant amount of intangible heritage; For the provinces of the silver group: focus on and emphasize creating a value chain of businesses based on intangible heritage in these provinces according to the border location and available cross-border markets or the metropolitan location and suitable access to tourist routes; For bronze group provinces: focus and emphasis on recognition and promotion of the intangible heritage of these regions, relying on the territorial succession of the peoples living in these provinces in neighboring countries, as well as creating a value chain of businesses based on intangible heritage in these provinces according to the location border and cross-border markets available; With a holistic approach, launching an online geographic information system under the title "Mirath-Yar (Heritage-Helper)" is suggested. Individuals or groups enter information and documents related to heritage into the system in a process, and city experts perform the next steps for evaluation and verification. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. مدیریت و حفاظت از میراث فرهنگی ناملموس از طریق فرآیند «شناسایی، ارزیابی، مستندسازی و ثبت، آگاهی افزایی، احیا، ارتقا و انتقال جنبه‌های میراث در همه نمودهای آن» صورت می‌پذیرد. با توجه به غنای کشور ایران از نظر وجود میراث ناملموس، هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی و تحلیل توزیع فضایی میراث فرهنگی ناملموس در ایران در راستای حفاظت و توسعه میراث فرهنگی کشور است. با بررسی اسناد مربوطه و استخراج اطلاعات از دفتر ثبت آثار و حفظ و احیای میراث معنوی و طبیعی به‌عنوان تنها مرجع معتبر موجود در این زمینه، پایگاه داده‌ای از موقعیت‌های جغرافیایی میراث ناملموس در ایران شکل گرفت و از طریق سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی، توزیع فضایی میراث ناملموس تحلیل گردید. یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که به‌طورکلی تاکنون 1065 میراث ناملموس در ایران ثبت‌شده است و بیشترین تعداد ثبت‌شده مربوط به گونه "مهارت در هنرهای دستی و سنتی" و کمترین آن مربوط به "سنت‌ها و نمودهای شفاهی شامل زبان (رسانه میراث)" بوده است. همچنین استان سمنان با 66 اثر ثبتی (7%)، بیشترین تعداد و استان قم با 14 اثر (% 4/1)، کمترین میزان ثبت را داشتند. به‌علاوه، در گونه میراث ناملموس"دانش و رفتارهای وابسته به طبیعت و کیهان"، سه استان و در گونه میراث "سنت‌ها و نمودهای شفاهی شامل زبان (رسانه میراث)"، 12 استان وجود دارند که هیچ میراث مرتبطی را ثبت نکرده است. می‌توان این نتیجه را گرفت توزیع فضایی میراث ناملموس در ایران نامتعادل است و مدیریت و حفاظت از میراث ناملموس در اولویت سیاست‌گذاران این حوزه نبوده و رویکردشان منفعلانه می‌باشد. در انتها، مبتنی بر یافته‌ها و نتایج، پیشنهادهای نظری و کاربردی ارائه گردید.

https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_160390_578cc743c45ebae5a218fb495a5e70e7.pdf

دانشگاه گلستان مجله آمایش جغرافیایی فضا 2538-5739 12 4 2023 02 19 An Analysis of the regeneration of Ahvaz metropolis worn-out urban textures with future studies and scenario planning تحلیلی بر بازآفرینی بافت‌های فرسوده کلان‌شهر اهواز با رویکرد آینده‌پژوهی و سناریونویسی 39 58 168369 10.30488/gps.2021.292144.3422 FA مسعود صفایی پور گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران نازنین حاجی پور گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران 0000-0001-7772-3168 Journal Article 2022 08 28 A B S T R A C T The worn-out urban texture and its internal elements arise due to the old age or the lack of a development program and technical supervision over the formation of that texture. Their urban regeneration in various social, economic, physical, environmental, etc. dimensions to improve the quality of life in this context with a future studies approach requires sustainable and desirable development in various existential dimensions. The purpose of this research is the impact of urban regeneration on worn-out textures with a future studies approach. The type of applied research and its investigation method is exploratory. Micmac and Scenario Wizard software programs were exerted to analyze the research results. In this research, key factors were determined by using Micmac software, and then several uncertainties were considered for each. Then, the essential scenarios of urban regeneration in worn-out textures were developed using Scenario Wizard software. The results show that the variables of preserving the physical identity and promoting and developing the productivity of urban lands have the most significant impact on worn-out textures. Examining the variables based on Micmac software's output indicates the instability of these areas. In addition, the filling degree is equal to 96%, showing the high impact of the variables on each other and their dispersion. The regeneration of worn-out textures is in a state of crisis, and the probability of organizing worn-out textures is low from the point of view of urban regeneration, and it requires the serious attention of urban planners and managers. Extended Abstract Introduction Ahvaz metropolis, with an area of 19,494 hectares, as one of the five large cities of Iran, has worn texture in its eight regions. So now, more than 40% of the city's residential texture comprises inefficient and worn-out textures. In this regard, it doubles the attention to urban regeneration by presenting different scenarios in the present time to solve the current problems and anomalies in different physical, managerial, social, economic, and environmental dimensions. Moreover, this type of planning and decision-making with the approach of re-creation and future research in the present time will make any activity in the future to the benefit of its citizens to improve the quality of life and organize the physical, environmental, and other conditions. As a result, the best aspect of planning and decision-making in this area is not whether it is right or wrong. However, any policy-making and regeneration in this area by urban planners and managers should lead to a more stable city in the future and the coming years. Therefore, the present study was formed with the analytical aim of recreating the worn-out textures of Avaz city with the approach of future studies and scenario writing. Furthermore, it aims to answer the following questions: 1-What are the key driving forces of regenerating worn-out urban textures in Ahvaz metropolis? 2- What are the proposed scenarios for improving and regenerating worn-out urban textures in Ahvaz metropolis? Methodology The research method is analytical-exploratory and practical in nature and purpose, respectively. The current research used a combination of quantitative and qualitative models and a combination of documentary and survey methods in the framework of the Delphi model and software analysis. In this regard, after preparing the questionnaire in the form of a two-by-two comparison, data were collected in the framework of the Delphi model. In order to identify primary variables and collect data, ten questionnaires were distributed among city managers and future studies elites. Each studied questionnaire was prepared as a cross-effects matrix, and its variables were evaluated based on impressionability and effectiveness. In this regard, to analyze them and quantify the numbers, the method of cross effects in Micmac was used. After entering the data into Micmac software, the degree of correlation between the variables was identified, and finally, the impressionable and effective variables were determined directly and indirectly. For the scenario wizard software, each key factor's condition was considered and designed in the form of a mutual effects questionnaire. This questionnaire's weighting was evaluated in pairwise comparisons, and the influence of the variables was evaluated as 3 to -3 numbers. Results and discussion The results show that 33 variables were identified and analyzed as effective factors in regenerating worn-out textures in Ahvaz metropolis. The dimensions of the variables matrix are 33x33, which were evaluated in different dimensions (management, economic, social, physical, and environmental). According to the output of Micmac software, the number of repetitions is 2, the number of one is 301, the number of two and three is 556 and 199, respectively, and out of the total of 1056, the highest ratio is 2, which means that there are more influencing factors. The filling rate of the matrix is more than 96%. Conclusion In the scenario section, eight scenarios in three favorable, static and critical situations that have the possibility of regeneration of worn-out textures were evaluated with Scenario Wizard software. The crisis scenario with 43% shows that the regeneration of the worn-out texture is not in a suitable condition, following the favorable scenario has 38%, and the static scenario has 39%. Also, the results of Scenario Wizard software show that the number of strong scenarios identified is 8. 61 scenarios with high compatibility and 53 scenarios with weak compatibility were identified. Among the evaluated scenarios, only the fourth scenario is favorable for the development and role of regeneration in improving worn-out textures in the study area. In this scenario, the driving forces are balanced and favorable, and regeneration policies can be the basis for increasing sustainability in these areas. These textures in the form of coherent and desirable development and sync with all dimensions and social, economic, environmental, physical, and management capitals based on scenario planning will make the strategies and visions more precisely planned. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. فرسودگی بافت شهری و عناصر درونی آن به سبب قدمت و یا فقدان برنامه توسعه و نظارت فنی بر شکل‌گیری آن بافت به وجود می‌آید و بازآفرینی شهری آن‌ها در ابعاد مختلف اجتماعی، اقتصادی، کالبدی، زیست‌محیطی و غیره به‌منظور ارتقای کیفیت زندگی در این بافت با رویکرد آینده‌پژوهی نیازمند دستیابی به یک توسعه پایدار و مطلوب در ابعاد مختلف وجودی می‌باشد. هدف از این پژوهش تأثیر بازآفرینی شهری در بافت‌های فرسوده با رویکرد آینده‌پژوهی می‌باشد. نوع تحقیق کاربردی و روش بررسی آن اکتشافی است. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل نتایج پژوهش از نرم‌افزارهای میک مک و سناریو ویزارد استفاده‌شده است. در این پژوهش ابتدا با استفاده از نرم‌افزار میک مک عوامل کلیدی مشخص و سپس برای هر یک از آن‌ها چند عدم قطعیت در نظر گرفته شد. سپس سناریوهای مهم بازآفرینی شهری در بافت‌های فرسوده با استفاده از نرم‌افزار سناریو ویزارد تدوین گردید. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که متغیرهای حفظ هویت کالبدی و ارتقا و توسعه بهره‌وری اراضی شهری بیشترین تأثیرگذاری بر بافت‌های فرسوده دارند. با بررسی متغیرها بر اساس خروجی نرم‌افزار میک مک، بیانگر ناپایداری این مناطق می‌باشد. علاوه بر این درجه پرشدگی برابر با 96 درصد است و نشان از تأثیر زیاد متغیرها بر یکدیگر و پراکندگی آن‌ها می‌باشد. نتایج بر اساس سناریو ویزارد بیانگر آن است که بازآفرینی بافت‌های فرسوده در وضعیت بحران قرار دارد و احتمال ساماندهی بافت‌های فرسوده از منظر بازآفرینی شهری کم و نیازمند توجه جدی برنامه ریزان و مدیران شهری می‌باشد.

https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_168369_75269f767cb3c722011052964f448cdb.pdf

دانشگاه گلستان مجله آمایش جغرافیایی فضا 2538-5739 12 4 2023 02 19 Presentation of Community-Based Urban Management Model in Ahvaz City ارایۀ مدل مدیریت شهری اجتماع‌محور در شهر اهواز 59 74 168373 10.30488/gps.2022.349936.3559 FA یاسین کاوه پور گروه جغرافیا، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران ناصر اقبالی گروه جغرافیا، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران فرهاد حمزه گروه جغرافیا، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران Journal Article 2022 08 29 A B S T R A C T Community-oriented development is an approach based on which urban management supports the participation of community members in decision-making and management, to use local knowledge and resources to implement more effective projects that play an effective role in urban development and citizen satisfaction, as well as the positive performance of managers. Therefore, it is considered one of the important categories of urban management. In this regard, the current research tries to provide a model of community-oriented urban management in Ahvaz City. For this purpose, the basic and standard dimensions of the community-oriented development approach, which includes social-oriented development based on capacity, cultural identity, social justice, empowerment, strengthening social participation, and social responsibility; It has been analyzed using the structural equation model and PLS software. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population is experts and senior and middle managers of Ahvaz municipality. Using Cochran's formula, 383 people were selected as the sample size. The results of the pls analysis showed social participation index with a coefficient of 0.857, social responsibility index with a path coefficient of 0.675, social justice index with a path coefficient of 0.542, community-oriented development with a path coefficient of 0.448, empowerment with a path coefficient of 0.427 and cultural identity with a path coefficient of 0.412 respectively have the greatest impact on community-oriented urban management. Using this index in practice, although they differ in terms of importance, they should be taken into consideration in an integrated manner and together, and the greater importance of an index should not lead to ignoring other principles Extended Abstract Introduction Community-based development is one of the new approaches that pay attention to the social and cultural issues of the target groups, and its propositions are opposed to the modernization approaches. Community-based development (CBD) is an approach to implementing local development projects that supports the participation of community members in decision-making and management, with the aim of using local knowledge and resources to implement more effective projects. The World Bank (2022) believes that approaches and actions based on community-based development are important elements of an effective poverty reduction strategy and sustainable development. In many countries, community-based development is the only available mechanism for timely and reliable access to marginalized and vulnerable groups during the development process. Undoubtedly, trying to create a lively and dynamic environment in the city that all citizens can benefit from is not something that relies solely on urban engineering options and looks at everything from top to bottom. Considering the continuous growth of the population and its emerging and permanent challenges on the one hand and the increasing concentration of the population in urban areas, it is not surprising that experts in this field adopt newer and community-based measures. Ahvaz metropolis is a city with a diversity of ethnic groups and human and environmental potentials on the one hand and on the other hand, different neighborhoods with demographic composition, undesirable infrastructures, and socio- economic consequences left over from the war, environmental issues, etc., which in total makes urban management necessary to adopt special models that focus on the mentioned variables. Therefore, according to these characteristics, we seek to present a community-based urban management model in Ahvaz city in this research. Methodology In terms of nature and purpose, this study is descriptive-analytical and applied, respectively. According to the study of Ahvaz city in Khuzestan province, it is included in the research category. The data collection method is one of the two predominant documentary methods - library and field, and the research tool is a questionnaire. The statistical community of the research was formed by experts and city managers in Ahvaz municipality. The validity of the questionnaire was face-to-face, as it was done by 20 professors and doctoral students who have studied and researched the subject so far. The criterion for their selection was their theoretical mastery, research records, and willingness to participate. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.749 with Cronbach's test, which shows the reliability of the questionnaire. The structural equation method and PLS model have been used for data analysis. Results and discussion In order to measure the fit of the measurement model, the reliability of indicators, convergent validity and divergent validity were used. Considering that the Average Variance Extracted Index (AVE) for all research variables is above 0.5, therefore, the convergent validity of the model variables is confirmed. Also, the combined reliability coefficient (CR) and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for all research variables are more than 0.7, so the reliability of the variable questions in the questionnaire is acceptable. To check the divergent validity, the comparison of the correlation of a construct with its indicators against the correlation of that construct with other constructs was used using the Fornell and Locker method. According to the data algorithm in PLS, after fitting the measurement models, it is time to fit the structural model. According to the results, the value of the t statistic obtained for the impact of cultural identity on community-based urban management is equal to 2.09, for the impact of social justice on urban management it is equal to 3.72, for empowerment on urban management it is equal to 2.19, for the impact Social responsibility on urban management is equal to 4.89, for the impact of social participation on management it is equal to 2.18. The impact of community-based development on urban management is equal to 3.84, so these values are more than 1.96. Therefore, the impact of identified variables on community-based urban management is confirmed. Also, according to the obtained path coefficient, the impact of the identified variables on community-based urban management is positive. Conclusion The results show that the highest level of influence on the community-oriented urban management model is related to the social participation index. Therefore, the social participation index is one of the basic components for realizing community-based urban management. Furthermore, the effort to strengthen is not hidden from anyone because it plays a strategic role in the success of community-based urban management. Avoiding it makes urban management hard-hit and vulnerable and will cause distance between city managers and people. On this basis, social participation is a tool to strengthen urban management in today's advanced societies and is considered one of the life indicators of different societies. The diversity and complexity of urban issues, along with executive and management problems, show the necessity of citizens' participation in urban issues. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. توسعه اجتماع‌محور رویکردی است که بر اساس آن مدیریت شهری از مشارکت افراد اجتماع در تصمیم‌گیری و مدیریت، با هدف استفاده از دانش و منابع محلی برای اجرای پروژه‌های مؤثرتر حمایت می‌کند که نقش مؤثری در توسعه شهری و رضایتمندی شهروندان و همین‌طور عملکرد مثبت مدیران ایفا می‌کند، ازاین‌رو یکی از مقوله‌های مهم مدیریت شهری به شمار می‌رود. در همین راستا پژوهش حاضر تلاش دارد تا مدلی از مدیریت شهری اجتماع‌محور در شهر اهواز ارائه دهد. برای این منظور بعدهای اساسی و استاندارد رویکرد توسعه اجتماع‌محور که شامل توسعه اجتماعی محور مبتنی بر ظرفیت، هویت بخشی فرهنگی، عدالت اجتماعی، توانمندسازی، تقویت مشارکت اجتماعی، مسئولیت اجتماعی می‌باشد؛ با استفاده از مدل معادلات ساختاری و نرم‌افزار pls مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار داده است. روش پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش توصیفی – تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری کارشناسان و مدیران ارشد و میانی شهرداری اهواز هستند. که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 383 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شدند. نتایج تحلیل pls نشان داد شاخص مشارکت اجتماعی با ضریب 857/0، شاخص مسئولیت اجتماعی با ضریب مسیر 675/0، شاخص عدالت اجتماعی با ضریب مسیر 542/0، توسعه اجتماع‌محور با ضریب مسیر 448/0، توانمندسازی با ضریب مسیر 427/0 و هویت بخشی فرهنگی با ضریب مسیر 412/0 به ترتیب بیشترین تأثیر را بر مدیریت شهری اجتماع‌محور دارند. بکار گیری این شاخص در عمل اگرچه از نظر میزان اهمیت تفاوت دارند اما بایستی به‌صورت یکپارچه و در کنار هم موردتوجه قرار گیرند و اهمیت بیشتر یک شاخص نباید موجب نادیده گرفتن سایر اصول شود.

https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_168373_46b8afe9a755e8b224906a8a03a83848.pdf

دانشگاه گلستان مجله آمایش جغرافیایی فضا 2538-5739 12 4 2023 02 19 Analysis of Urban Management Performance on Citizens' Access to Social Welfare Services the Case Study of Neighborhoods in Region 18 of Tehran City تحلیل عملکرد مدیریت شهری بر دسترسی شهروندان به خدمات رفاه اجتماعی مطالعه موردی: محلات منطقه 18 شهر تهران 75 95 160387 10.30488/gps.2021.256745.3328 FA اسماعیل نصیری هنده خاله گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران حسن احمدی گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران سیده یاسمن محقق پور گروه شهرسازی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران فضل اله اسمعیلی استادیار جغرافیا وبرنامه ریزی روستایی دانشگاه پیام نور تهران ایران 0000-0001-5515-7564 Journal Article 2022 08 29 A B S T R A C T Today, urban management aims to achieve social welfare for all citizens, to find ways to improve the standard of living and ways to receive public services, and finally to provide the basic needs of urban society. This research aims to measure the performance variables of urban management regarding citizens' access to social welfare indicators in the 18th district of Tehran. The research method is "content analysis" and "survey". Data were collected using a questionnaire. SPSS and GIS software were used for data analysis. Based on the results of the integrated model of the average ranks in this research, the performance of urban management and its effect on the level of welfare of citizens using TOPSIS, FAZI, VIKOR and WASPAS models showed that the health neighbourhoods, Valiasr North, Sahibulzaman, and Valiasr South are in the rank of enjoyment. The areas of Ferdous Town, Imam Khomeini Town, Hefdeh Shahrivar, and Shahid Rajaei are in the category of semi-enjoyed urban welfare. The neighbourhoods of Yaftabad, and Shamsabad, are in the category of low enjoyment, and the neighbourhoods of Khaleej Fars and Sadeghieh are also in the rank of not enjoying urban welfare. A significant difference higher than 0.05 indicates that in Sadeghieh neighbourhoods with an average difference of -5.2, Gulf of Fars with an average difference of -4.88, and Shamsabad neighbourhood with an average difference of -4.83, the most dissatisfaction of citizens is seen. The indicators of the physical dimensions are different in the studied localities and health localities with an average difference (-0.27), Northern Valiasr (-0.32), Sahibul Zaman (-0.34), Southern Valiasr (-0.41) with a smaller difference and At a significance level higher than 0.05, it indicates that the performance of urban management in the welfare of citizens has been more than other localities Extended Abstract Introduction Providing the welfare of citizens and other related services is one of the social rights of citizens which was considered in the 20th century, and that is why municipalities also seek the best quality in providing services to citizens. In recent years, the concept of social welfare has been seriously considered by sociologists, economists and other fields related to the development of the city and the quality of life. It can be said that social welfare provides the needs and desires of people in society. Therefore, urban management as the most important governing institution of the city that is directly related to the citizens should play its role in raising the welfare indicators of citizens. A role that urban management of region 18 of Tehran city should also play. The purpose of this study is to examine and measure the performance variables of urban management in relation to citizens' access to social welfare indicators, and to focus the attention of officials and urban planners on the indicators of social welfare in the study areas and to provide solutions in order to improve current problems by identifying and analyzing the performance, role and position of urban management in relation to citizens' access to social welfare. Methodology The method of the present research is analytical and comparative and its analysis is in the form of content and survey. The data collection method is a combination of library and survey methods in the form of questionnaires, interviews and observations. The library method was through the analysis of collecting documents, notes, tables and maps. In the survey method, direct observation, a questionnaire and face-to-face interviews with citizens were used. To determine the sample size in the study area, Cochran's method was used, based on which 384 questionnaires among the neighborhoods were distributed and the results entered into SPSS software. The studied neighborhoods were examined using four physical, socio-cultural, economic and environmental indicators in the form of 20 items. The obtained data were analyzed by statistical tests in SPSS software. Fuzzy Topsis, Vikor and WASPAS models were used in this study. Results and discussion In this study, the performance of urban management and its effect on the citizens' access to social welfare services were evaluated using Fuzzy TOPSIS, VIKOR and WASPAS models, and the results showed that the study neighborhoods obtained different rankings. The results of data analysis by fuzzy TOPSIS technique showed that the performance of urban management on urban welfare in the study areas was different. Aamong the neighborhoods in the study area, Behdasht (0.742), northern Valiasr (0.643), Sahib al-Zaman (0.589), southern Valiasr (0.563), are among the neighborhoods that the performance of urban management on the urban welfare of citizens has been evaluated positively. The results of the VIKOR method in the region 18 of Tehran city shows that among the neighborhoods of this region, two neighborhoods of Behdasht and Valiasr North are fully possessed of urban welfare (0.000) and four neighborhoods of Sahib Al-Zaman (0.496), Valiasr South (0.371), Imam Khomeini (0.518), and Ferdows (0.552) are partly possessed of urban welfare and four neighborhoods of 17 Shahrivar (0.721), Shahid Rajaei (0.614), Yaftabad (0.889) and Shams abad (0.975) are at the level of low possession of urban welfare and the four neighborhoods of Khalijefars (0.871), Sadeghieh (0.982), Tolid Daru (0.989) and Shad Abad (0.995) do not possess urban welfare services. The study of WASPAS method in the study area shows that the Behdasht, North Valiasr, Sahib al-Zaman neighborhoods are in a state of urban welfare possession and the neighborhoods of Valiasr South, Ferdows, Imam Khomeini, 17 Shahrivar are partly possessed of urban welfare, and Shahid Rajaee, Yaft Abad, Shams Abad and Khalije Fars neighborhoods have low possession urban welfare and Sadeghiyeh, Tolid Daru and Shad Abad do not possess urban welfare. Conclusion Considering that most of the indicators that have been used for determining the effectiveness of urban management performance on the citizens' access to social welfare services have a high level of meaning, so it can be said that the satisfaction in most neighborhoods are significantly below average. The amount of explanatory items in the social and cultural dimension in the Behdasht (17.38), Valiasr North (17.31), Valiasr South (17.28) neighborhoods are highest and Shams Abad (13.38), Khalije Fars (13.23), Sadeghieh (12.21) neighborhoods have the lowest values. Physical dimension indicators are different in the study area and in the Behdasht (-0.27), North Valiasr (-0.32), Sahib al-Zaman (-0.34), South Valiasr (-0.41) neighborhoods with Less difference and at a significant level higher than 0.05 indicates that the performance of urban management in the welfare of citizens has been more than other neighborhoods and in Sadeghieh neighborhoods with an average difference of -5.2, Khalije Fars with an average difference of -4.88 and the Shams Abad neighborhood with a difference of 4.83 has the most dissatisfied citizens. Comparing the effectiveness of urban management performance in the welfare of citizens in the environmental dimension in the neighborhoods shows that only in Behdasht area with an average difference of -0.8 and North Valiasr neighborhood with an average difference of -1.1 The effectiveness of urban management performance is quite significant. And Shamsabad, Khalije Fars and Sadeghieh neighborhoods have the most differences with the current average. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. امروزه هدف مدیریت شهری، دستیابی عموم شهروندان به رفاه اجتماعی، یافتن چگونگی ارتقای سطح زندگی و راه‌های دریافت خدمات عمومی و در نهایت تأمین نیاز اساسی جامعه شهری است. هدف این پژوهش سنجش متغیرهای عملکرد مدیریت شهری در رابطه با دسترسی شهروندان به شاخص‌های رفاه اجتماعی در محلات منطقه 18 شهر تهران است. روش پژوهش، از نوع «تحلیل محتوا» و «پیمایشی» است. داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه گردآوری‌شده‌اند. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزارهای SPSS, GIS استفاده‌شده است. بر اساس نتایج مدل تلفیقی میانگین رتبه‌ها در این پژوهش عملکرد مدیریت شهری و تأثیر آن بر میزان برخورداری از رفاه شهروندان با استفاده از مدل‌های تاپسیس، فازی، ویکور و WASPAS نشان داد که محلات بهداشت، ولیعصر شمالی، صاحب‌الزمان، ولیعصر جنوبی، در رتبه برخورداری، و محلات شهرک فردوس، شهرک امام خمینی، هفده شهریور، شهید رجایی در رده نیمه برخوردار از رفاه شهری و محلات یافت‌آباد، شمس‌آباد، در ردیف برخوردار کم و محلات خلیج‌فارس و صادقیه نیز در رتبه عدم برخورداری از رفاه شهری قرار می‌گیرند. اختلاف معناداری بالاتر از 05/0 بیانگر آن است که در محلات صادقیه با اختلاف میانگین 2/5-، خلیج‌فارس با اختلاف میانگین 88/4- و محله شمس‌آباد با اختلاف 83/4- بیشترین نارضایتی شهروندان به چشم می‌خورد. شاخص‌های بعد کالبدی در محلات موردمطالعه متفاوت است و در محلات بهداشت با اختلاف میانگین (27/0-) ولیعصر شمالی (32/0-)، صاحب‌الزمان (34/0-)، ولیعصر جنوبی (41/0-) با اختلاف کمتری و در سطح معناداری بالاتر از 05/0 بیانگر آن است که عملکرد مدیریت شهری در رفاه شهروندان بیشتر از محلات دیگر بوده است.

https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_160387_c54ba54f268041fda54c7fa3727b76d8.pdf

دانشگاه گلستان مجله آمایش جغرافیایی فضا 2538-5739 12 4 2023 02 19 Assessment of Recreational Potential of National Land in the Central Part of Dorud-Borujerd Basin, Lorestan Province ارزیابی توان تفرجی اراضی ملی بخش میانی حوضه دورود-بروجرد در استان لرستان 97 114 168367 10.30488/gps.2022.246046.3297 FA سیامک شرفی گروه علوم جغرافیایی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران 0000-0002-3711-0508 Journal Article 2022 08 29 A B S T R A C T Investigation and analysis of environmental potential prevent obstacles and problems in tourism development and the destruction of the environment. Today, industrialization, urban development, and increased preoccupation with life have led to significant demand for natural environments and, of course, the need for recreation. In this study, to evaluate recreational potential, the central part of Dorud-Broudjerd basin with various potentials and environmental resources such as sufficient water, favorable climatic conditions, vegetation, communication infrastructure, and natural and human phenomena beings attracted to tourism have been studied. The descriptive-analytical research method has been used in various sections of field studies. Tools such as topographic maps 1: 25000, geology 1: 100000, climatic data and water resources, vegetation, maps and soil samples for laboratory studies, satellite images, Google Earth images, and Arc GIS software for Spatial analysis have been exerted. Using the guidelines and standards of the Organization of Forests and Rangelands of the country, the ecological model as a basic model, and experts' opinions to change the threshold of variables taking into account local conditions, areas with extensive recreational potential concentrated in national lands Determined. The results showed that the study area has more potential for extensive recreation than concentrated recreation, so 7581 hectares have the first competence of extensive recreation, and 666 hectares have the first competence of concentrated recreation. Also, lands prone to extensive recreation correspond to hilly units with outcrops and without rock outcrops in the eastern and northern parts. Plain land units are the most suitable area for developing concentrated recreation south of the study area Extended Abstract Introduction Nowadays, industrialization, the development of cities, and the increase in the busyness of life have caused a significant demand for natural environments and, by nature, the need for recreation. Recreation is one of the spiritual and psychological needs of every human being, which relieves fatigue, calms the nerves and soul, and flourishes talents. Considering the ever-increasing population growth and the human need for recreational areas, it seems necessary to analyze the land's capability to develop and promote nature-related recreation. In the studied area, the potential for recreation is high due to the diversity of topography and geology and, consequently, the formation of different landforms, diverse vegetation, forests, water sources, etc. However, the location of most areas prone to recreation within the boundaries of national lands, whose use or change of use is possible based on specific rules and regulations, has caused these areas to be used for other uses, such as pasture and agriculture, considering that before any use of a resource, it is necessary to know its capability and capacity so that policy making and planning can be done based on the capacity of the resource and in a sustainable manner. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and examine the recreational potentials of the studied area based on the available variables and guidelines so that they can be optimally exploited based on land development approaches. Therefore, this article aims to identify areas prone to recreation in the national lands of a part of the Dorud-Broujerd basin based on environmental capabilities using variables affecting this type of land use. Methodology First, the data needed for the research, such as national land area, water, and soil resources characteristics, geological data, etc., were collected by library and field methods from related organizations. Further, based on the research purpose, extensive and concentrated recreation uses were determined in each homogeneous environmental unit. At this stage, based on the standards specified by the talent search and productivity department of the country's forests and pastures organization in 2014, the ecological model as the basic model, the opinions of experts and specialists to change the threshold of variables, taking into account local conditions, areas with extensive recreation potential and concentrated in national lands. Various variables such as temperature, slope, species and forest type, soil characteristics, geomorphic units, lithology characteristics, and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of water have been used to evaluate recreational potential and identify susceptible areas. The maps, weighting, and overlapping variables were prepared using fuzzy logic and analytical hierarchy (AHP) in Arc GIS software. Then, based on the minimum necessary ecological variables, each of them was classified into three levels of competence S1 (first level of competence), S2 (second level of competence), S3 (third level of competence), and land capability. In the following, by evaluating the degree of competence of each factor in the area of the target land, it was decided to determine its final degree of competence for recreational use. Results and discussion In the next step, the areas prone to recreational use were determined based on the homogeneous units' environmental characteristics. Based on this, out of the 60 different zones that were separated based on land units, 17 ecologically homogeneous units within the limits of the national land plates in the separation area and 17 studied units were found to be susceptible to recreational use. In the following, the areas prone to widespread recreational use in the study area were determined by removing the land area with garden, residential, and exceptions (personal land) in three levels S1, S2, and S3. Based on the obtained results, the most significant area is related to the S1 level (the first level of competence). These areas are in the northern and eastern parts and correspond to hilly land units with and without outcrops and slope lands. Also, the examination and evaluation of areas prone to concentrated recreation show that 666 hectares of the studied area (one area) in the southern part and corresponding to plain lands have the first degree of merit (S1). These areas have been identified mainly around rivers. The reason for the absence of many zones with the first degree of merit in other sectors is that this type of recreation requires infrastructure and facilities if these infrastructures have yet to be created despite the environmental capabilities of the studied area. Conclusion The results showed that 17 identified homogeneous environmental units are suitable for extensive or concentrated recreation. However, the distribution of recreation in national lands differs according to topography and geology. So that due to the high slope, uneven topography, and rocky outcrops, a large part of the studied area is suitable for extensive recreation. These ranges are located in large areas, mainly in the east and north of the range, which can be attributed to the lack of facilities and infrastructure for extensive recreation. Also, the assessment of the ability of concentrated recreation in the national lands indicates that 666 hectares in the south of the studied area are suitable for concentrated recreation with the first degree of competence. These lands are located according to the unit of plain lands, plains, and river beds, which have a slope between 5-8% and suitable soil. The comparison of areas prone to extensive and concentrated recreation shows that the largest area of the national land range for extensive recreation with the first degree of merit and the least with the first degree of merit for concentrated recreation have been identified. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. بررسی و تحلیل توان محیطی موجب پیشگیری از بروز موانع و مشکلات توسعه گردشگری شده و از تخریب محیط زیست جلوگیری می‌کند. امروزه صنعتی شدن، توسعه شهرها و افزایش مشغله‏های زندگی سبب تقاضای چشمگیر برای محیط‏های طبیعی و به طبع آن نیاز به تفرج شده است. در این تحقیق باهدف ارزیابی توان تفرجی، بخش میانی اراضی ملی حوضه دورود- بروجرد با منابع متنوع محیطی مانند آب کافی، شرایط اقلیمی مطلوب، پوشش گیاهی، زیرساخت‌های ارتباطی و پدیده‌های طبیعی و انسانی جاذب گردشگری مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. روش تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی که در بخش‌های مختلف از مطالعات میدانی نیز بهره گرفته شده است. از ابزارهایی مانند نقشه‌های توپوگرافی 1:25000، زمین شناسی 1:100000، داده‌های اقلیمی و منابع آب، پوشش گیاهی، نقشه و نمونه‌های خاک جهت مطالعات آزمایشگاهی، تصاویر ماهواره‌ای، تصاویر گوگل ارث و نرم افزار Arc GIS جهت تهیه نقشه‌ها و تحلیل‌های مکانی استفاده شده است. با استفاده از استانداردهای مشخص شده توسط اداره استعدادیابی و بهره‌وری سازمان جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مدل اکولوژیکی مخدوم به‌عنوان مدل پایه، نظرات کارشناسان جهت تغییر آستانه متغیرها با در نظر گرفتن شرایط محلی، مناطق دارای پتانسیل تفرج گسترده و متمرکز مشخص گردید. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که محدوده مورد مطالعه دارای پتانسیل بیشتری جهت تفرج گسترده در مقایسه با تفرج متمرکز است، به‌طوری که 7581 هکتار دارای درجه شایستگی اول تفرج گسترده و 666 هکتار دارای شایستگی درجه اول تفرج متمرکز هستند. هم چنین اراضی مستعد تفرج گسترده منطبق بر واحدهای تپه‌ای با رخنمون و بدون رخنمون سنگی در بخش شرقی و شمالی و واحد اراضی دشتی مناسب‌ترین پهنه جهت توسعه تفرج متمرکز در جنوب محدوده مورد مطالعه به شمار می‌روند. بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق، پیشنهاد می‌شود برای ارزیابی و تعیین کاربری‌های مختلف اراضی ملی حوضه مورد مطالعه و به‌طور کلی اراضی ملی، از روش استفاده شده در این تحقیق یا روش‌های مشابه استفاده گردد.

https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_168367_7cc83c59dcec973f764335ce68707fca.pdf

دانشگاه گلستان مجله آمایش جغرافیایی فضا 2538-5739 12 4 2023 02 19 Determining the relationship type between different components of soil erosion using rain simulator in Gachsaran Formation تعیین نوع رابطه مؤلفه‌های مختلف فرسایش خاک با استفاده از شبیه‌ساز باران در سازند گچساران 115 128 168371 10.30488/gps.2022.285254.3402 FA حمزه سعیدیان گروه تحقیقات حافظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات، آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمان، ایران حمید رضا مرادی گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، مازندران، ایران Journal Article 2022 08 30 A B S T R A C T Determining the type of relationship between different components of soil erosion can provide more complete information about the performance of these components in different watersheds and land uses. In this study, in order to determine the type of relationship between different components of soil erosion in different land uses of Gachsaran Formation deposits, a part of Kuhe Gach watershed with an area of 1202 hectares was selected. In this study, using univariate regression, the type of relationships between sediment - runoff, sediment - infiltration, sediment - runoff and erosion threshold, runoff - infiltration, runoff - runoff and erosion threshold, infiltration - runoff and erosion threshold were determined and also, the relationship between them was also examined. Sampling of erosion different components at 6 points with 3 replicates and at different rainfall intensities of 0.75, 1 and 1.25 mm/min in three land uses of the range, residential area and agricultural lands using a rain simulator was performed. SPSS and EXCEL software were used for statistical analysis. The results showed that in general in the intensity of 0.75 mm/min in all three land uses, range, agricultural and residential and in the relationship between all the different components of soil erosion in seven cases, there is a positive relationship and in eleven cases, there is a negative relationship. And at an intensity of 1 mm/min in all three rang, agricultural and residential land uses and in the relationship between all the different components of soil erosion in seven cases, there is a positive relationship and in eleven cases, there is a negative relationship. And at an intensity of 1.25 mm/min in all three uses of the range, agricultural and residential land uses and in the relationship between all the different components of soil erosion in eight cases, there is a positive relationship and in ten cases, a negative relationship. Extend ed Abstract Introduction Determining the type of relationship between different components of soil erosion can provide more complete information about the performance of these components in different watersheds and land uses. Soil erosion is known as earth cancer due to its intensifying properties and apparent or hidden environmental and social multilateral effects. Preventing soil erosion is vital and necessary to preserve valuable natural wealth. Investigation of runoff and sediment production is one of the main and important processes of soil erosion and loss that it seems necessary to be aware of the characteristics affecting it. Runoff and sediment production due to water erosion depends on factors such as soil texture, building and soil infiltration and rainfall characteristics. Erosion component is an element or component of erosion processes that without having them cannot be analyzed erosion process. By measuring the various components of soil erosion and the relationship between them, in addition to proper analysis of the erosion process, an appropriate understanding of this process and proper evaluation of it can be found. This research provides useful and valuable work to better understand soil erosion processes in the desired watershed and also to provide deeper research in various other basins. Methodology In this study, in order to determine the type of relationship between different components of soil erosion in different land uses of Gachsaran Formation deposits, a part of Kuhe Gach watershed with an area of 1202 hectares was selected. In this study, using univariate regression, the type of relationships between sediment - runoff, sediment - infiltration, sediment - runoff and erosion threshold, runoff - infiltration, runoff - runoff and erosion threshold, infiltration - runoff and erosion threshold were determined and also, the relationship between them was also examined. Sampling of erosion different components at 6 points with 3 replicates and at different rainfall intensities of 0.75, 1 and 1.25 mm/min in three land uses of the range, residential area and agricultural lands using a rain simulator was performed. SPSS and EXCEL software were used for statistical analysis. This rain simulator is suitable for determining the soil erosion characteristics, runoff, water infiltration and soil researches and its use is a standard method for determining the runoff of surface deposits in the field. A total of 18 sediment samples, 18 runoff samples, 18 soil infiltration samples and 18 runoff and erosion threshold samples were performed. SPSS and EXCEL software were used to perform all statistical analyses and then the final models were determined using univariate regression. Results and discussion The results showed that in general in the intensity of 0.75 mm/min in all three land uses, range, agricultural and residential and in the relationship between all the different components of soil erosion in seven cases, there is a positive relationship and in eleven cases, there is a negative relationship. And at an intensity of 1 mm/min in all three rang, agricultural and residential land uses and in the relationship between all the different components of soil erosion in seven cases, there is a positive relationship and in eleven cases, there is a negative relationship. And at an intensity of 1.25 mm/min in all three uses of the range, agricultural and residential land uses and in the relationship between all the different components of soil erosion in eight cases, there is a positive relationship and in ten cases, a negative relationship. Conclusion The results of this study showed that erosion different components in Gachsaran Formation have very complex relationships and certainly each watershed has unique relationships in erosion different components.Therefore, with proper knowledge and understanding of the relationships between erosion different components in watersheds, can be reached a basic solution to reduce erosion in different basins. One of the most important reasons for failure in erosion is the lack of understanding of erosion different processes and the relationships that be created between them, which will ultimately lead to poor executive tasks that without being a treatment for erosion in watersheds will only increase the executive costs. Funding Tarbiat Modares University Authors' contributions Design, Methodology, Software, Investigation, Writing- Original Draft, Review & Editing, Visualization, Resources: Hamzeh saeediyan Project administration, Investigations, Resources, Supervision: Hamid reza Moradi Conflicts of interest The authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. تعیین نوع رابطه بین مؤلفه‌های مختلف فرسایش خاک می‌تواند اطلاعات کامل‌تری از نحوه عملکرد این مؤلفه‌ها در حوضه‌های آبخیز مختلف و در کاربری‌های متفاوت ایجاد کند. در این تحقیق به‌منظور تعیین نوع رابطه بین مؤلفه‌های مختلف فرسایش در کاربری‌های مختلف نهشته‌های سازند گچساران، بخشی از حوضه آبخیز کوه گچ شهرستان ایذه با مساحت 1202 هکتار انتخاب گردید. در این تحقیق با استفاده از رگرسیون تک متغیره نوع روابط بین رسوب – رواناب، رسوب – نفوذ، رسوب – شروع آستانه رواناب و فرسایش، رواناب – نفوذ، رواناب – شروع آستانه رواناب و فرسایش، نفوذ – شروع آستانه رواناب و فرسایش تعیین شدند و همچنین به بررسی میزان ارتباط بین آن‌ها نیز پرداخته شد. نمونه‌برداری مؤلفه‌های مختلف فرسایش خاک در 6 نقطه و با 3 تکرار و درشدت‌های مختلف بارش 75/0، 1 و 25/1 میلی‌متر در دقیقه در سه کاربری مرتع، منطقه مسکونی و اراضی کشاورزی به کمک دستگاه شبیه‌ساز باران انجام شد. به‌منظور انجام تحلیل‌های آماری از نرم‌افزار SPSS و EXCEL استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که به‌طورکلی درشدت 75/0 میلی‌متر در دقیقه در هر سه کاربری مرتع، کشاورزی و مسکونی و در ارتباط بین همه مؤلفه‌های مختلف فرسایش خاک در هفت مورد رابطه مثبت و در یازده مورد رابطه منفی وجود دارد و درشدت 1 میلی‌متر در دقیقه در هر سه کاربری مرتع، کشاورزی و مسکونی و در ارتباط بین همه مؤلفه‌های مختلف فرسایش خاک در هفت مورد رابطه مثبت و در یازده مورد رابطه منفی وجود دارد و درشدت 25/1 میلی‌متر در دقیقه در هر سه کاربری مرتع، کشاورزی و مسکونی و در ارتباط بین همه مؤلفه‌های مختلف فرسایش خاک در هشت مورد رابطه مثبت و در ده مورد رابطه منفی وجود دارد.

https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_168371_8cfa39a2f6bb4562f2ae1b32b55cc702.pdf

دانشگاه گلستان مجله آمایش جغرافیایی فضا 2538-5739 12 4 2023 02 19 Residents' satisfaction analysis of the urban environment quality case study the worn-out texture of Esfarayen تحلیل رضایتمندی ساکنان از کیفیت محیط شهری مطالعه موردی: بافت فرسوده شهر اسفراین 129 143 170292 10.30488/gps.2022.338917.3528 FA هادی زارعی گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران کتایون علیزاده گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران حمید جعفری گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران Journal Article 2022 08 30 A B S T R A C T The participation and involvement of people in urban plans and planning and the satisfaction of residents in any context is a guarantee of the success of urban plans. Citizens' satisfaction with the quality of the environment during the implementation of construction projects is considered the most important achievement of citizens' participation. This research aims to evaluate the level of satisfaction of the citizens of Esfraini with the implementation of the improvement and renovation plan for the worn-out tissues of this city. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and analytical in terms of research method. The statistical population is the residents of the worn-out fabric of Esfrain city, who were selected by the simple random method as a sample size of 384 people using Cochran's formula. The findings show that the economic quality index plays the least role with an average of 2.12 in the level of satisfaction. The social quality index has the highest average with an average of 3.32, and the average of the physical quality index and the environmental quality index are also lower than the average level with 2.85 and 2.78. In total, the average of all indicators with a value of 2.71 and an error of 0.001 indicates that to strengthen the satisfaction level of residents, all environmental quality indicators should be strengthened to reach a higher average. Also, in terms of residents' participation in improving environmental quality, the highest average is related to physical participation and the lowest average is related to financial participation. Also, the results showed that the correlation coefficient between the variable of satisfaction with implementation and the variables of financial participation (r = 0.407), mental participation (r = 0.318) and participation (r = 0.325) was positive and significant. The results have shown that by increasing the variables of financial participation, mental participation and participation, satisfaction with the simple Extended Abstract Introduction The issue of environmental deterioration of neighborhoods has become a more pervasive phenomenon than the depreciation of the building, poor quality construction, instability of the building, the deterioration of infrastructure, and the lack of services and green space. Because it has covered all the different aspects of the city, from social harms to the body and dissatisfaction of the residents, etc., and has caused the decline of various aspects of the quality of the environment in these textures. The study of environmental quality indicators in worn-out structures is critical because the reasons for the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of its residents with the environment depend on it. Satisfaction is an essential criterion for evaluating environmental quality. Therefore, recognizing residents' preferences in relation to environmental qualities and values has a fundamental impact on planning and decision-making on environmental quality improvement plans. Esfarayen, as one of the cities adjacent to the border cities in the east of the country and far from development and central programs, faces the challenges of unplanned growth. The horizontal expansion of the city and the lack of attention to the inner city textures have caused many of the old textures of the city to face significant limitations in terms of environmental quality indicators. As a result, the quality of the urban environment has declined. In the present study, citizens' satisfaction with the environmental quality of worn-out structures was assessed using statistical methods (correlation) and various dimensions of citizen participation in the improvement and renovation of urban structures and various problems of worn-out structures. This research seeks to answer the following question: - What is the level of satisfaction of the residents of Esfarayen with the environmental quality of this city? Methodology The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of research method. Data collection method is one of the two dominant documentary methods - library and field and research tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population of the present study is the total population of dilapidated neighborhoods in Esfarayen, which includes 11590 people. Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size, which according to the statistical population, 384 people were obtained as a statistical sample. The validity of the questionnaire was formal, so it was done by 20 professors and doctoral students who have studied and researched in the field. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.749 with Cronbach's test, which indicates the reliability of the questionnaire. The method used for data analysis was in SPSS software based on correlation coefficient tests. Results and discussion The analysis of the collected data shows that the economic quality index plays the lowest role from the residents' point of view, with an average of 2.12 in the level of satisfaction. The social quality index with an average of 3.32 has the highest average, and the average of physical quality and environmental quality index with 2.85 and 2.78 is less than the average level. In total, the average of all indicators with a value of 2.71 and an error of 0.001 indicates that in order to strengthen the level of residents' satisfaction, all environmental quality indicators should be strengthened to reach a higher average. According to the results of skewness test, among the components of participation, the highest average is related to "physical participation" equals 3.525 and the lowest average is related to "financial participation" and is equal to 2.593. The skewness and elongation coefficients for all indicators are in the range (2 and 2-), so the assumption of normal data for these indicators is confirmed according to the skewness and elongation coefficients. Also, the correlation coefficient between the variable of performance satisfaction with the variables of financial participation (r = 0.407), from mental participation (r = 0.318) is positive and significant. The significance value corresponding to these coefficients is less than 0.05, increasing financial participation variables, mental participation, performance satisfaction, and vice versa. Conclusion The results show that the active participation of residents and owners concerning other actors is significant because the legitimacy of decisions in urban regeneration depends on the presence of this group and local knowledge that exists at the local community level. This process is based on local knowledge and awareness, which leads to a sustainable urban regeneration strategy in the neighborhood through a bottom-up process. Also, in the field of institutional planning, studies show that urban regeneration management processes are currently not based on institutional planning. They are based on the general tasks of each department without considering the need for cooperation between its various actors and going through social learning processes in local policies and decision-making. So, collaboration and participation in implementing the urban renewal plan from all responsible institutions are required. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. مشارکت و دخیل کردن مردم در طرح‌ها و برنامه‌ریزی‌های شهری و رضایت‌مندی ساکنان در هر بافت، ضامن موفقیت طرح‌های شهری می‌باشد. رضایتمندی شهروندان از کیفیت محیط در رابطه با اجرای طرح‌های عمرانی مهم‌ترین دستاورد مشارکت شهروندان محسوب می‌شود. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی میزان رضایتمندی شهروندان اسفراینی از اجرای طرح بهسازی و نوسازی بافت‌های فرسوده این شهر پرداخته است. پژوهش حاضر ازنظر هدف کاربردی و ازنظر روش تحقیق، توصیفی و تحلیلی می‌باشد. جامعه آماری ساکنان بافت فرسوده شهر اسفراین می‌باشد که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 384 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه به روش تصادفی ساده انتخاب گردیده‌اند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که شاخص کیفیت اقتصادی کمترین نقش را با میانگین 2.12 در میزان رضایتمندی ایفا می‌کند. شاخص کیفیت اجتماعی با میانگین 3.32 بیشترین میانگین را داراست و میانگین شاخص کیفیت کالبدی و کیفیت زیست‌محیطی نیز با 85/2 و 78/2 کمتر از سطح متوسط ارزیابی می‌شود. درمجموع میانگین کل شاخص‌ها با مقدار 2.71 و خطای 0.001 نشان‌دهنده آن است که برای تقویت سطح رضایتمندی ساکنان باید همه شاخص‌های کیفیت محیطی تقویت شوند تا به میانگین بالاتری برسند. همچنین ازنظر مشارکت ساکنین در بهبود کیفیت محیطی بیشترین میانگین مربوط به مشارکت فیزیکی و کمترین میانگین مربوط به مشارکت مالی بوده است. همچنین نتایج نشان داده که ضریب همبستگی میان متغیر رضایتمندی از اجرا با متغیرهای مشارکت مالی (407/0 = r)، مشارکت ذهنی (318/0 = r) و مشارکت (325/0 = r) مثبت و معنادار بوده است. نتایج نشان داده است که با افزایش متغیرهای مشارکت مالی، مشارکت ذهنی و مشارکت، رضایتمندی از اجرا افزایش می‌یابد.

https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_170292_599ce9d9093e33189f9d1f16f5df7f3c.pdf

دانشگاه گلستان مجله آمایش جغرافیایی فضا 2538-5739 12 4 2024 02 19 Spatial and social assessment of the Affecting housing prices factors The case study of Urmia City ارزیابی فضایی و اجتماعی عوامل موثر بر قیمت مسکن، مطالعه موردی: شهر ارومیه 145 161 171229 10.30488/gps.2022.341547.3541 FA علی جعفری گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران بختیار عزت پناه گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران بشیر بیگ بابایی گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد ملکان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ملکان، ایران Journal Article 2023 08 30 A B S T R A C T The housing sector's performance in developing countries has become acute and critical, and the share of housing costs in urban households accounts for 60-70%. Housing prices are influenced by economic, political, social, physical, etc. components and are consistently reproduced. In terms of the purpose, the current research is of an applied type, which was carried out using a descriptive-analytical method. To evaluate and analyze the spatial and social patterns affecting housing prices through the colonial competition algorithm and to spatialize the studied indicators, the Tracking Analyst Tools method has been used. According to the results, more than 50% of the population distribution pattern was inhabited in an area equal to 1585801.6 square meters with cluster and zone functions. In connection with the basic housing price index, 41.7 of the residential use levels are distributed in the higher-than-average price range with 5-10 million tomans per meter and above. Among the social variables, the index of the geographical direction of population distribution and ethnic and cultural clusters based on the majority of residents in the neighbourhoods are known as the most important social factors affecting the growth of urban housing prices. The index of the geographical direction of population distribution as a control variable has hurt housing price growth and is significant at a high level; This means that areas with lower population distribution and development have had lower price growth Extended Abstract Introduction As the 10th largest city in Iran, Urmia metropolis has faced intense physical and demographic development and various ethnic migrations during the past two decades. Based on the evidence, the gap in housing prices in different areas and neighborhoods of the city clearly shows the failure of housing planning and the distribution of facilities and services in this city, which causes the formation of bipolar and multipolar neighborhoods and ethnic-linguistic segregation according to the economic and social base of people. In this way, the function of price plays a more prominent role in separating and doubting Urmia's noble, cultural, and poor neighborhoods. At the same time, this kind of urban development is contrary to the principles of sustainable urban development, which can cause many problems in managing a city in the future. Concerning the above, it can be added that among the different regions of Urmia city, the distinct and prominent role of several prosperous and high-income northern regions with high volumes of construction and buying and selling strengthens the possibility of the role of price drivers between regions and is proposed as the first hypothesis of the present study. In this way, despite the difference in housing price levels in different regions within a geographical area, the trend of prices and the direction of fluctuations are very similar between regions. In each region, due to the interruptions in the housing market and the high correlation observed in the prices, the influence of past values on future prices is strong and impressive. However, the important question in this research is whether, in addition to the past values of prices in one region and economic factors, values with price breaks in other regions can also affect the formation of prices in one region or other regions. In other words, can the fluctuation of housing prices in one or more areas in Urmia city be the source and trigger of price movements in other areas concerning spatial and social factors? In fact, the research questions can be asked as follows: -What are the most important spatial and social indicators affecting housing prices in Urmia? -What are the most important reflections of spatial differences in the formation of housing price patterns between city areas? Methodology In terms of the purpose, the research is of an applied type, which was carried out by a descriptive-analytical method based on documentary library studies and field investigations. Considering the nature of the data and the impossibility of controlling the behavior of the effective variables in the problem, this research was of a non-experimental type. It was carried out within the framework of the analytical-case model. The studied community was the statistical block and all urban and residential uses of Urmia city. The main data was obtained mainly by using the data of the urban blocks of the Iranian Statistics Center and the available documents, including the comprehensive and detailed plan. Available information layers, field observations, targeted questioning of experts in the field, and specific data produced in the GIS geographic information system software environment, as well as document and library study, have provided another part of the information needed for the article. Since there is no strong and explicit rule about the selection method and the number of specialists, and their number depends on the homogenous or heterogeneous factors of the sample and the goal or scope of the problem, the population under investigation in this research includes 30 specialists with a purposeful sampling method. Results and discussion The spatial autocorrelation coefficient shows how much the housing price growth in Urmia city has been affected by the shock on the growth pattern and population distribution in the city. Among the social variables, the index of the geographical direction of the population distribution and ethnic and cultural clusters based on the majority living in the neighborhoods are known as the most important social factors affecting the growth of urban housing prices. The index of the geographical direction of population distribution as a control variable has a negative effect on housing price growth and is significant at a high level; this means that areas with lower population distribution and growth have had lower price growth. In this way, population growth and cluster distribution are considered among the most important driving factors of urban development. Investigating the final situation of housing prices in Urmia city, the price changes were shown at the level of 12 indicators. So that at this stage, after collecting the mentioned indicators in the ARC-GIS software environment, the final situation of the price of residential use concerning spatial and social factors, separately from very low to a very high level, for planning income groups and household deciles in the direction of the program Urban planning and management to deal with housing speculation and possible crises are categorized, which can be seen by different levels and colors. Significant parts of Urmia city's fabric are in the middle to very high price range. In such a way that the central part of the city, in accordance with the historical core, due to having commercial-administrative and mixed residential use on the one hand, the lack of standard structural system and sustainable materials, as well as the lack of financial ability of the residents, has caused the formation of areas with an unstable housing pattern. Conclusion According to the population concentration or differentiation index results, more than 50% of the population distribution pattern has been inhabited in an area equal to 1585801.6 square meters with cluster and area functions. Concerning the basic housing price index, 41.7 of the residential use levels are distributed in the price range above the average with 5-10 million per meter and above. Among the social variables, the index of the geographical direction of the population distribution and ethnic and cultural clusters based on the majority living in the neighborhoods are known as the most important social factors affecting the growth of urban housing prices. The index of the geographical direction of population distribution as a control variable has a negative effect on housing price growth and is significant at a high level; this means that areas with lower population distribution and growth have had lower price growth. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. عملکرد بخش مسکن در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه به‌صورت حاد و بحرانی درآمده و سهم هزینه مسکن در سبد خانوارهای شهری ۶۰ تا ۷۰ درصد را به خود اختصاص می‌دهد. قیمت مسکن تحت تأثیر مؤلفه‌های اقتصادی، سیاسی، اجتماعی، کالبدی و.. است همواره بازتولید می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر ازلحاظ هدف، از نوع کاربردی می‌باشد که به روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی انجام‌گرفته است. برای ارزیابی و تحلیل الگوهای فضایی و اجتماعی مؤثر بر قیمت مسکن از طریق الگوریتم رقابت استعماری و برای فضایی سازی شاخص‌های موردمطالعه از روش Tracking Analyst Tools استفاده‌شده است. مطابق نتایج، بیش از 50 درصد الگوی توزیع جمعیت در سطح محدوده‌ای برابر 1585801.6 مترمربع با عملکرد خوشه‌ای و پهنه‌ای سکونت داشته‌اند. در ارتباط با شاخص قیمت پایه مسکن نیز 41.7 از سطوح کاربری‌های مسکونی در محدوده قیمت بالاتر از متوسط با متری 5 ـ 10 میلیون تومان به بالا توزیع‌شده‌اند. از بین متغیرهای اجتماعی، شاخص جهت جغرافیایی توزیع جمعیت و خوشه‌های قومی و فرهنگی بر اساس اکثریت ساکن در محلات به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر رشد قیمت مسکن شهری شناخته‌شده‌اند. شاخص جهت جغرافیایی توزیع جمعیت به‌عنوان متغیر کنترل، دارای اثر منفی بر رشد قیمت مسکن بوده است و در سطح بالایی معنادار است؛ به این معنی که مناطق با توزیع و رشد جمعیت کمتر، رشد قیمت پایین‌تری داشته‌اند.

https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_171229_efe0002fa7e07053a7244d3f91a7aa29.pdf

دانشگاه گلستان مجله آمایش جغرافیایی فضا 2538-5739 12 4 2023 02 19 Evaluating the Stabilizing Factors of the Income System and Providing Financial Resources of Municipalities with an Emphasis on the Role of Branding The case study of Urmia Metropolis ارزیابی عوامل پایدارسازی نظام درآمدی و تأمین منابع مالی شهرداری‌ها با تأکید بر نقش برند سازی مطالعه موردی: کلان‌شهر ارومیه 163 182 171230 10.30488/gps.2023.374446.3600 FA هادی علیزاده باراندوزی گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران سهیلا حمیدزاده خیاوی گروه معماری، واحد شبستر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شبستر، ایران کریم حسین زاده دلیر گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران 0000-0002-8186-8930 Journal Article 2022 08 30 A B S T R A C T Improving and promoting urban competitiveness is the most important factor in urban development. On the other hand, formulating a clear vision and flexible strategies based on sustainable sources of income is a constant concern in Iranian cities. The current research was conducted with the case-analytical method and quantitative approach. Due to the nature of the data and the impossibility of controlling the behaviour of the effective variables in the problem, it is also non-empirical. For data analysis, the Delphi method, one-sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression, and Scheffe's post hoc test were used in SPSS software. To model the structural equations of financial resources, using structural equations in Amos software, the most important influencing variables in the branding evaluation of the Urmia metropolis were investigated. The evaluation of income sources shows that Urmia is in a stable state in terms of municipal resources, and in the rest of the majority of indicators, it is in an unstable and semi-stable state. Among the indicators of the approach to financial resources, the highest average is the public fees index (3.38) and the lowest index is the aid granted by the government and government organizations (2.88). Also, among the indicators of the urban branding approach, the creation of urban attractions has the highest average (3.76) and participation has the lowest evaluation (3.18). The results show that there are differences among the 5 regions of Urmia in terms of the suitability of urban branding indicators. So that at the level of 5 regions, the significance level is less than 0.05 with the assumption of p>0.05. Is. As a result, although the conditions of branding indicators are different at the regional level, it shows an increase in the effectiveness of the income from sustainable financial sources. Extended Abstract Introduction Place branding means designing a place to meet the needs of the target market of that place. The measure of place branding success is citizen satisfaction and business satisfaction with their community and meeting the expectations of visitors and investors. One of the supporting ideas of city marketing philosophy is derived from the fact that city marketing enables a new level of local development policy quality through comprehensiveness, creativity, flexibility, and new resources in the form of ideas, local knowledge and capital are on the line. Local policies are mobilized. Considering the city brand as an intangible asset can add value to the city. Therefore, although branding is not a goal in itself, it considers goals such as increasing the reputation and income of the city or improving the image of the city in line with social, cultural, and economic development, and also by mentioning the point that by emphasizing the income system, it tries to use resources which makes the mental image of a city more practical for citizens. Hence, it is possible to justify the move towards a sustainable and competitive economy. This research aims to achieve economic stability and realize the concept of sustainable financial resources by using the effective components of urban branding. Methodology The current research is applied, which was conducted with the case-analytical method and quantitative approach. Considering the nature of the data and the impossibility of controlling the behavior of the effective variables in the problem, it is also non-empirical. This research included 2 statistical populations of citizens with a 384 sample size. Also, 26-panel members were selected based on the non-probability (targeted) method. In order to analyze the issue and formulate operational indicators, in the first step of the research, the status of stable and unstable income figures of Urmia municipality was studied separately from 2014 to 2018. To analyze the data, one-sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's correlation, multiple linear regression, and Scheffe's post hoc test were used in SPSS software. In the final part, in order to model the structural equations of livability using structural equations in Amos software, the most important sources of sustainable income were studied in the evaluation of the brand of Urmia metropolis. Results and Discussion The results of the T-Test evaluation of the average indicators of financial resources and branding compared to the ideal values of each indicator show that the average of both approaches is more than 3 and is at a higher level than the average. Among the indicators of the approach to financial resources, the highest average is the public fees index (3.38), and the lowest index is the aid granted by the government and government organizations (2.88). Also, among the indicators of the urban branding approach, the creation of urban attractions has the highest average (3.76) and the participation dimension has the lowest evaluation (3.18). According to the correlation test evaluation results, the strongest relationship among the analyzed indicators is the public toll index (0.672) and then the service price and income indicators of municipal for-profit institutions (0.627), respectively, with city branding. Also, there is a difference between the five regions of Urmia in terms of the suitability of urban branding indicators. So that in all the studied areas, the significance level is less than 0.05 with the assumption of p>0.05. As a result, the conditions of branding indicators are different at the level of regions. Conclusion In recent decades, urban management in Iran has increasingly faced many challenges caused by various social, cultural, political, executive, financial, and legal factors. On a case-by-case basis, the revenue department of municipalities has been in an unfavorable situation. Unfortunately, the lack of a clear definition of the municipal revenue system in the form of the macroeconomic system of the country and the changes and transformations, on the other hand, in our country, the role of cities as a meeting place of expertise has always been evident, and it is necessary to take advantage of the social and economic infrastructure of the cities to earn stable incomes for municipalities. Knowledge of the level of people's economic participation and willingness to pay for sustainable urban development through illegal means can be a sustainable financial source for municipalities. This city, the tenth largest metropolis of Iran, also has a very high population and economic resources. Therefore, it is very important to provide financing methods for construction projects of Tabriz municipality based on urban branding to achieve sustainable financial resources because the services and methods of urban management can be very effective in improving the quality of life of the people of this city and solving the financial problems of the municipality. Since sustainable and continuous economic development relies on sustainable financial resources, this issue is always one of the most critical challenges and concerns of managers and trustees of urban affairs in providing efficient methods in this process, recognizing the problems related to the structure of the urban economy. Planning of the urban affairs department is important from several points of view and can be fruitful. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper. بهبود و ترویج رقابت‌پذیری شهری مهم‌ترین عامل در توسعه شهری است. از طرفی، تدوین چشم‌انداز روشن و استراتژی‌های منعطف مبتنی بر منابع درآمدی پایدار از دغدغه همیشگی شهرهای ایران است. پژوهش حاضر با روش تحلیلی - موردی و رویکرد کمی انجام‌گرفته است. با توجه به ماهیت داده‌ها و عدم امکان کنترل رفتار متغیرهای مؤثر در مـسئله نیز از نـوع غیرتجربـی است. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از روش دلفی، آزمون‌های تی تک نمونه‌ای، تحلیل واریانس یک‌طرفه (ANOVA)، همبستگی پیرسون، رگرسیون خطی چندگانه و آزمون تعقیبی شفه در نرم‌افزار SPSS استفاده‌شده است. به‌منظور مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری منابع مالی با استفاده از معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزار Amos مهم‌ترین متغیرهای اثرگذار در ارزیابی برندینگ کلان‌شهر ارومیه بررسی شد. ارزیابی منابع درآمدی نشان می‌دهد که ارومیه از حیث منابع شهرداری در وضعیت پایدار قرار می‌گیرد و در بقیه اکثریت شاخص‌ها در وضعیت ناپایدار و نیمه پایدار قرار دارد. در بین شاخص‌های رویکرد منابع مالی، بالاترین میانگین را شاخص عوارض عمومی (38/3) و پایین‌ترین شاخص را کمک‌های اعطایی دولت و سازمان‌های دولتی (88/2) داشته است. همچنین در بین شاخص‌های رویکرد برندینگ شهری، بالاترین میانگین را بعد خلق جاذبه‌های شهری (76/3) و پایین‌ترین ارزیابی را بعد مشارکت (18/3) داشته است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که در بین مناطق 5 گانه ارومیه، از نظر تناسب شاخص‌های برندینگ شهری اختلاف وجود دارد. به‌طوری‌که در سطح مناطق ۵ گانه سطح معنی‌داری با فرض 0.05>p کمتر از 05/. است. در نتیجه هرچند شرایط شاخص‌های برندینگ در سطح مناطق متفاوت است، اما نشان از افزایش اثرگذاری درآمد منابع مالی پایدار دارد.

https://gps.gu.ac.ir/article_171230_51f5418b34108270a12941296565436e.pdf