Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901Analysis of changes in the urban hierarchy Zanjan province period 1355 - 90Analysis of changes in the urban hierarchy Zanjan province period 1355 - 9011633178FAJalil Mohammadipayame noor universityElham RostamiM.S./ ZANJAN UNIVERSITYJournal Article20140117Extended abstract Special conditions of economic, social and political systems, network specific disparate and disjointed urban created, in fact indicates that one or more of parasite growth retardation and other cities in the development process. First there is a lack of consistency reflects the city's economic, social and political cities in a single system. Zanjan province despite having historical development, are lagging behind in terms of development disparities that exist between cities reasonable distribution of services and facilities necessary to explain that. The study of inequality and uneven urban network for any plan to achieve the desired balance. Using multiple models and indicators of urban system in the Zanjan province has been paid. Cities were ranked using four models (rank - size, nearest neighbor analysis, stratified and entropy difference) in the Courses of study, The results indicate that there is inconsistency In Province system urban. The main cause of the First City (Zanjan), which is concentrated in the center of the province's population. Favorable balance during 1355 was established in system cities than in other periods, The greatest inconsistency occurred during 1375, but in subsequent years the balance has gone ago, Finally, in the 1390 period compared to the period before the imbalance has increased slightly. The first topic is the city with three indices, shows that urban primacy of the period 1365 to 1390 has decreased from year to year. Ranked based on urban centrality and accessibility and performance indicators, results are of centrality of cities rank low correlation available.Extended abstract Special conditions of economic, social and political systems, network specific disparate and disjointed urban created, in fact indicates that one or more of parasite growth retardation and other cities in the development process. First there is a lack of consistency reflects the city's economic, social and political cities in a single system. Zanjan province despite having historical development, are lagging behind in terms of development disparities that exist between cities reasonable distribution of services and facilities necessary to explain that. The study of inequality and uneven urban network for any plan to achieve the desired balance. Using multiple models and indicators of urban system in the Zanjan province has been paid. Cities were ranked using four models (rank - size, nearest neighbor analysis, stratified and entropy difference) in the Courses of study, The results indicate that there is inconsistency In Province system urban. The main cause of the First City (Zanjan), which is concentrated in the center of the province's population. Favorable balance during 1355 was established in system cities than in other periods, The greatest inconsistency occurred during 1375, but in subsequent years the balance has gone ago, Finally, in the 1390 period compared to the period before the imbalance has increased slightly. The first topic is the city with three indices, shows that urban primacy of the period 1365 to 1390 has decreased from year to year. Ranked based on urban centrality and accessibility and performance indicators, results are of centrality of cities rank low correlation available.Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901An Analysis into Human Drives of Land Use Changes in Chaloos CountyAn Analysis into Human Drives of Land Use Changes in Chaloos County173433179FAHashem DadashpoorAsistant Professor of Tarbiat Modares Universityhttps://orcid.org/00Abdullah ZareiTarbiat Modares UniversityJournal Article20140330An Analysis into Human Drives of Land Use Changes in Chaloos County Abstract Human and his activities are known as one of the drives for land use changes through. Therefore, different analysis methods are used in modeling land use changes in order to model such drive. However, as a method to recognize land use pattern in the future, regional models of land use changes have been developed in recent decades based on quantitative and eventual methods. Distinction between different models in this field is resulted by the type of approach to the concept of land use change and the type of indexes used in the modeling process. In this study, spatial modeling was introduced based on microeconomic concept in order to maximize the gains resulting from changes and the way to influence priorities for establishment of land use zones was also specified. This model will adjust cost-benefit function by spatial factors using spatial models and analyses and will calculate priorities for the establishment of a variety of zones based on regional conditions. The results of this model shows that specific conditions of Chaloos county due to environmental constrains have caused to allocate a major portion of the city to environmental and agricultural developments so that it places spatial limits to the establishment of urban and industrial development in the region. Northern coast and central parts of the county are the merely economical parts for the establishment of these two kinds of land use. Keywords: Land Use Changes, Human Driving Forces, Modeling, Chaloos County.An Analysis into Human Drives of Land Use Changes in Chaloos County Abstract Human and his activities are known as one of the drives for land use changes through. Therefore, different analysis methods are used in modeling land use changes in order to model such drive. However, as a method to recognize land use pattern in the future, regional models of land use changes have been developed in recent decades based on quantitative and eventual methods. Distinction between different models in this field is resulted by the type of approach to the concept of land use change and the type of indexes used in the modeling process. In this study, spatial modeling was introduced based on microeconomic concept in order to maximize the gains resulting from changes and the way to influence priorities for establishment of land use zones was also specified. This model will adjust cost-benefit function by spatial factors using spatial models and analyses and will calculate priorities for the establishment of a variety of zones based on regional conditions. The results of this model shows that specific conditions of Chaloos county due to environmental constrains have caused to allocate a major portion of the city to environmental and agricultural developments so that it places spatial limits to the establishment of urban and industrial development in the region. Northern coast and central parts of the county are the merely economical parts for the establishment of these two kinds of land use. Keywords: Land Use Changes, Human Driving Forces, Modeling, Chaloos County.Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901Change detectionn land use and land cover regional neyshabour using Different methods of statistical training theoryChange detectionn land use and land cover regional neyshabour using Different methods of statistical training theory355033180FAElahe AkbariMohamad Ali Zangane AsadiEBRAHIM TAGHAVI0000-0003-1929-4849Journal Article20140711Change detectionn land use and land cover regional neyshabour using Different methods of statistical training theory Abstract Change detection and identification Terrain is essential for understand of human interaction and the environment, that Aware of the cause is correct planning for sustainable development. Today, land use mapping manually is difficult with traditional methods and, remote sensing can help for Engineers in Land use mapping accurately and more quickly, and then assess the region changes. The purpose of this study to explore changes in land cover and land use by using Different methods of statistical training theory. In this study the process of preprocessing and data preparation to extract accurate information have been evaluated of three methods, Maximum likelihood and minimum distance and support vector machines by using the kappa coefficient. The results show that the maximum likelihood method with kappa 0/79, and overall accuracy of 29/83 than the minimum distance and support vector machine methods more accurately for made land use map .Then was produced land use map using by maximum likelihood method for the years 1988-200-2006 detection and evaluation the changes occurring by comparison post classification method. The most important changes to increased area of arable land, orchards increased of dam construction, urban land increased during the study period is 18 years. Keywords: change, remote sensing, statistical training land use, detection , neyshabour ffg hhh hhh hh hhh hh hhh hhh hhh hhh hhh hhh hhh hhh hhh hh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhh hhhh hhhh h hh hh hh h hh h h hhhh h hhh hChange detectionn land use and land cover regional neyshabour using Different methods of statistical training theory Abstract Change detection and identification Terrain is essential for understand of human interaction and the environment, that Aware of the cause is correct planning for sustainable development. Today, land use mapping manually is difficult with traditional methods and, remote sensing can help for Engineers in Land use mapping accurately and more quickly, and then assess the region changes. The purpose of this study to explore changes in land cover and land use by using Different methods of statistical training theory. In this study the process of preprocessing and data preparation to extract accurate information have been evaluated of three methods, Maximum likelihood and minimum distance and support vector machines by using the kappa coefficient. The results show that the maximum likelihood method with kappa 0/79, and overall accuracy of 29/83 than the minimum distance and support vector machine methods more accurately for made land use map .Then was produced land use map using by maximum likelihood method for the years 1988-200-2006 detection and evaluation the changes occurring by comparison post classification method. The most important changes to increased area of arable land, orchards increased of dam construction, urban land increased during the study period is 18 years. Keywords: change, remote sensing, statistical training land use, detection , neyshabour ffg hhh hhh hh hhh hh hhh hhh hhh hhh hhh hhh hhh hhh hhh hh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhh hhhh hhhh h hh hh hh h hh h h hhhh h hhh hGolestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901The evaluation of citizens’ satisfaction with municipality performance
and its role in financing of urban management. Case study: Sabzevar cityThe evaluation of citizens’ satisfaction with municipality performance
and its role in financing of urban management. Case study: Sabzevar city516233181FAJournal Article20141119Abstract The evaluation of citizens’ satisfaction with municipality performance and its role in financing of Urban Management. Case study: Sabzevar city. The municipality is responsible for providing an appropriate environment for citizens Citizens compare the municipality's performance with their wants and needs, This comparison suggests that the notion of satisfaction. If citizens are satisfied with the performance of municipality they have a greater incentive to participate with it. Henc the satisfaction with municipality performance can be seen as an important factor in urban development. Given the importance of the issue, this article has attempted to investigate citizens' satisfaction with the performance of Sabzevar Municipality and its impact on financing of municipality. General approach to research is analytical – descriptive. survey type is field study. Tools for field data collection is questionnaire that it is distributed in selected areas of low-income, high-income and middle-income of Sabzevar according to sample size of each area in a random method. This research shows that satisfaction levels in high income areas is more than low and middle income areas and this difference is statistically significant. Next research finding indicate citizens' satisfaction with the municipality performance has significant influence on the amount of their financial participation .This means that citizens are more satisfied with the performance of municipalities, have a greater incentive to financial participation. The municipality can increase the level of satisfaction of citizens by improving its performance that this improves municipal finances through citizen participation ultimately. Keywords: Satisfaction with municipality performance, Financing, Financial participation, Sabzevar.Abstract The evaluation of citizens’ satisfaction with municipality performance and its role in financing of Urban Management. Case study: Sabzevar city. The municipality is responsible for providing an appropriate environment for citizens Citizens compare the municipality's performance with their wants and needs, This comparison suggests that the notion of satisfaction. If citizens are satisfied with the performance of municipality they have a greater incentive to participate with it. Henc the satisfaction with municipality performance can be seen as an important factor in urban development. Given the importance of the issue, this article has attempted to investigate citizens' satisfaction with the performance of Sabzevar Municipality and its impact on financing of municipality. General approach to research is analytical – descriptive. survey type is field study. Tools for field data collection is questionnaire that it is distributed in selected areas of low-income, high-income and middle-income of Sabzevar according to sample size of each area in a random method. This research shows that satisfaction levels in high income areas is more than low and middle income areas and this difference is statistically significant. Next research finding indicate citizens' satisfaction with the municipality performance has significant influence on the amount of their financial participation .This means that citizens are more satisfied with the performance of municipalities, have a greater incentive to financial participation. The municipality can increase the level of satisfaction of citizens by improving its performance that this improves municipal finances through citizen participation ultimately. Keywords: Satisfaction with municipality performance, Financing, Financial participation, Sabzevar.Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901The Impact of Commercialization on the Spatial Quality of Residential Neighbourhoods:
Evidence from Nasr Neighbourhood of TehranThe Impact of Commercialization on the Spatial Quality of Residential Neighbourhoods:
Evidence from Nasr Neighbourhood of Tehran638433182FAAmir ForouharPhD Candidate of Urban Planning, Architecture and Urban Design School, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.Reza KheyroddinAssistant Professor of Urban and Regional Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IranJournal Article20141127Population growth and urbanization typically bring major changes in demand for urban land uses. In this respect, land-use planning is a complex, multifaceted and usually highly political process that must consider the multiple and often competing values and conflicts. Commercial development in residential neighbourhoods may exacerbate these potential conflicts. Over the recent years, Tehran Metropolis has experienced a haphazard commercialization without following a coherent strategy, especially in affluent neighbourhoods of the city. This paper seeks to find out the roots, and the spatial consequences of commercialization in the affluent neighbourhoods of Tehran Metropolis through a detailed survey in Nasr Neighbourhood. For this purpose, the quantitative and qualitative methods of development impact assessment have been applied, including semi-structured personal interview, direct observation, traffic survey, historical profiles, trend analysis, and impact ranking method. The results yield that inappropriate suggestion of local development plan for land-use change in Nasr Neighbourhood led to the mushrooming of regional-level commercial activities alongside the main street of Nasr Neighbourhood. The analysis reveals that the haphazard commercialization has had considerable negative impacts on socio-cultural structures, physical-spatial conditions, traffic flow patterns, and human health in the residential area of Nasr Neighbourhood, apart from the short-term favourable impact on residents' accessibility. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Population growth and urbanization typically bring major changes in demand for urban land uses. In this respect, land-use planning is a complex, multifaceted and usually highly political process that must consider the multiple and often competing values and conflicts. Commercial development in residential neighbourhoods may exacerbate these potential conflicts. Over the recent years, Tehran Metropolis has experienced a haphazard commercialization without following a coherent strategy, especially in affluent neighbourhoods of the city. This paper seeks to find out the roots, and the spatial consequences of commercialization in the affluent neighbourhoods of Tehran Metropolis through a detailed survey in Nasr Neighbourhood. For this purpose, the quantitative and qualitative methods of development impact assessment have been applied, including semi-structured personal interview, direct observation, traffic survey, historical profiles, trend analysis, and impact ranking method. The results yield that inappropriate suggestion of local development plan for land-use change in Nasr Neighbourhood led to the mushrooming of regional-level commercial activities alongside the main street of Nasr Neighbourhood. The analysis reveals that the haphazard commercialization has had considerable negative impacts on socio-cultural structures, physical-spatial conditions, traffic flow patterns, and human health in the residential area of Nasr Neighbourhood, apart from the short-term favourable impact on residents' accessibility. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901Evaluation of Tourism Climate in West Azerbaijan provinceEvaluation of Tourism Climate in West Azerbaijan province859833183FAJournal Article20141209Abstract: It is clear that, in many countries climate are a valuable asset for tourism. Weather, one of the most important factors shaping the tourism and tourism centers, existence and its values, due to weather conditions are appropriate. the present study, with the aim of evaluating the climatic status and Climate for tourism zoning of West Azerbaijan Province using Tourism comfort climate index (TCI), is conducted to attract tourist and develop tourism suitable for tourism seasons of the province by proper planning. In the current study, data from province synoptic stations for a period of ten years has been used. In West Azerbaijan province, one of the main tourist centers with various natural, historical, cultural attractions and prevailing different climatic conditions in different parts of the province in different seasons, weather can be considered as an adsorbent factor for tourists. Therefore, that qualitative evaluation of these potentials and accurate information about them can lead to better use of these abilities. In the present research, Tourism Climatic Index (TCI) was used to determine tourists comfort climate in West Azerbaijan province. In the present research, Tourism Climatic Index (TCI) was used to determine tourists comfort climate in West Azerbaijan province. The results of the research indicate that, in the cold months (December, January, February), unfavorable conditions for tourism in the province are due to cold weather and precipitation. However, in the spring and summer, there are suitable conditions for tourist attraction due to temperature increase and favorable climatic conditions. Key Words: Tourism, Climate, Planning, TCI Index, West AzerbaijanAbstract: It is clear that, in many countries climate are a valuable asset for tourism. Weather, one of the most important factors shaping the tourism and tourism centers, existence and its values, due to weather conditions are appropriate. the present study, with the aim of evaluating the climatic status and Climate for tourism zoning of West Azerbaijan Province using Tourism comfort climate index (TCI), is conducted to attract tourist and develop tourism suitable for tourism seasons of the province by proper planning. In the current study, data from province synoptic stations for a period of ten years has been used. In West Azerbaijan province, one of the main tourist centers with various natural, historical, cultural attractions and prevailing different climatic conditions in different parts of the province in different seasons, weather can be considered as an adsorbent factor for tourists. Therefore, that qualitative evaluation of these potentials and accurate information about them can lead to better use of these abilities. In the present research, Tourism Climatic Index (TCI) was used to determine tourists comfort climate in West Azerbaijan province. In the present research, Tourism Climatic Index (TCI) was used to determine tourists comfort climate in West Azerbaijan province. The results of the research indicate that, in the cold months (December, January, February), unfavorable conditions for tourism in the province are due to cold weather and precipitation. However, in the spring and summer, there are suitable conditions for tourist attraction due to temperature increase and favorable climatic conditions. Key Words: Tourism, Climate, Planning, TCI Index, West AzerbaijanGolestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901Locating Optimal Direction For Physical Extension Of Shiraz City
By Using VIKOR MethodLocating Optimal Direction For Physical Extension Of Shiraz City
By Using VIKOR Method9911633184FAZahra AminiJournal Article20150126Nowdays, the physical and no cities planning increasing extension, uncontrolled population growth, economic development and the migration ofrural to urban area, have been causing the depletion in the quality of life in urban and non-urban areas. Shiraz as the capital of Fars province considered as one of the metropolises of the country that is the situation with the heights natural limitations and urban development has taken a linear form so that the city is a growing trend toward the northwest. According to these issues, this study is based on "descriptive-analysis" approach. Therefore, the main aim of this research is related to suggest optimal and desirable aspects for physical extension of city. In order to estimate the purpose after identification effective factors in the location, the criteria maps were produced, then valuation and standardization was performed in idrisi using FUZZY sets. Critic method was used for the weighting of factors. On the basis of the output map from the VIKOR model more favorable to the southeast of the city from all directions And the next priorities are somewhat south and southwest of all due topositioning of the optimal direction of the physical extension in Shiraz, the index of the natural parameter owns the value and priority (especially of lithology and soil type), and has to be considered much more in the discussion of positioning of the optimal direction of the physical extension in Shiraz. In the end, can say the results of the present study are the multi-criteria analysis which reflected using of the core of method (VIKOR), and demonstrate the capability of this technique in the role as a decision-making support system (DSS), to select the appropriate options for the study of site selection of health centers in the Shiraz city.Nowdays, the physical and no cities planning increasing extension, uncontrolled population growth, economic development and the migration ofrural to urban area, have been causing the depletion in the quality of life in urban and non-urban areas. Shiraz as the capital of Fars province considered as one of the metropolises of the country that is the situation with the heights natural limitations and urban development has taken a linear form so that the city is a growing trend toward the northwest. According to these issues, this study is based on "descriptive-analysis" approach. Therefore, the main aim of this research is related to suggest optimal and desirable aspects for physical extension of city. In order to estimate the purpose after identification effective factors in the location, the criteria maps were produced, then valuation and standardization was performed in idrisi using FUZZY sets. Critic method was used for the weighting of factors. On the basis of the output map from the VIKOR model more favorable to the southeast of the city from all directions And the next priorities are somewhat south and southwest of all due topositioning of the optimal direction of the physical extension in Shiraz, the index of the natural parameter owns the value and priority (especially of lithology and soil type), and has to be considered much more in the discussion of positioning of the optimal direction of the physical extension in Shiraz. In the end, can say the results of the present study are the multi-criteria analysis which reflected using of the core of method (VIKOR), and demonstrate the capability of this technique in the role as a decision-making support system (DSS), to select the appropriate options for the study of site selection of health centers in the Shiraz city.Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901Spatial Analysis the Level of Development in Townships of Kurdistan provinceSpatial Analysis the Level of Development in Townships of Kurdistan province11712833185FABagher AhmadiM.A. in Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran.Journal Article20150417Access to various factors such as natural, economic, social and political elements create or deteriorate regional inequalities considering harmonious regional development, reducing regional and sectional heterogeousness and inequalities. Regional policies and planning for the purposes that change according to the structural features, the amenities and limitations of a region involve studying and recognition of the features of each region based on the location of that region in the whole regional system. Considering this fact, development has bisect relationship with Social equality and well-balanced spatial distribution of services in regions. The research commenced with a comprehensive literature and document analysis and due to its major approach، is in line with applied research to recognize differences between the regions. In which made use of statistical methods and quantities models including such as: Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, human development index, Z-score, Coefficient of Variation and Spearman correlation coefficients. For this، different indices have been characterized and used regarding different Social، economic، physical، health، and cultural aspects of development from National Population and Housing Census of 2011. Findings are shaming, unbalanced spatial distribution of indices in Kurdistan cities, Such that the Townships of Bejar have been classified as developed، Qourveh and Sanandaj as Middle-developed and Saqez, Diwandareh, Bane, Dehgalan, Kamyaran, Sarwabad and marivan as less developed areas in Kurdistan province. Spearman correlation coefficient equals 0.22, indicating a low correlation between the distribution of population and level of development. The most dispersion and inequality in the province has been on healthy indicators And the lowest was also Infrastructure-physical indicators is related.Inequalities in levels of development between the city and province because of they are not uniformly distributed among the various indicators and In line with the planning of spatial justice Undeveloped city is reflected by the priority.Access to various factors such as natural, economic, social and political elements create or deteriorate regional inequalities considering harmonious regional development, reducing regional and sectional heterogeousness and inequalities. Regional policies and planning for the purposes that change according to the structural features, the amenities and limitations of a region involve studying and recognition of the features of each region based on the location of that region in the whole regional system. Considering this fact, development has bisect relationship with Social equality and well-balanced spatial distribution of services in regions. The research commenced with a comprehensive literature and document analysis and due to its major approach، is in line with applied research to recognize differences between the regions. In which made use of statistical methods and quantities models including such as: Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, human development index, Z-score, Coefficient of Variation and Spearman correlation coefficients. For this، different indices have been characterized and used regarding different Social، economic، physical، health، and cultural aspects of development from National Population and Housing Census of 2011. Findings are shaming, unbalanced spatial distribution of indices in Kurdistan cities, Such that the Townships of Bejar have been classified as developed، Qourveh and Sanandaj as Middle-developed and Saqez, Diwandareh, Bane, Dehgalan, Kamyaran, Sarwabad and marivan as less developed areas in Kurdistan province. Spearman correlation coefficient equals 0.22, indicating a low correlation between the distribution of population and level of development. The most dispersion and inequality in the province has been on healthy indicators And the lowest was also Infrastructure-physical indicators is related.Inequalities in levels of development between the city and province because of they are not uniformly distributed among the various indicators and In line with the planning of spatial justice Undeveloped city is reflected by the priority.Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901Ghyrzray employment and its role in sustainable rural economy
Case Study: Marhamat Abad district center, Miyandoab TownshipGhyrzray employment and its role in sustainable rural economy
Case Study: Marhamat Abad district center, Miyandoab Township12914433186FAJournal Article20150422Most theories of development, the environmental crisis and the economic stability of rural diversification activities proposed approach and the approach is considered necessary for a sustainable economy. In this regard, the main problem of this study is the evaluation of the effects of diversification to activities in stability of rural economic. The present study is applied and its method is analytical- descriptive. The methods of data collection were field survey. The sample obtained by improved formula Cochran 126 households and for generalization, it upgraded to 136 households. The tools of data collection were questionnaire and interview and respondents were selected with randomly sampling. The data analysis has done quantitative and with using of Descriptive and Inferential statistics (one- sample test, correlational, and path analysis). The findings show, With reduction of water level of Urmia Lake of study area during recent decades faced with deterioration of agriculture that is the most important part of economic and the biggest income resource. For coping with this environmental and rural economic stability crisis, the rural people did the diversification of economic activities. These occupations can improve the situation of rural families and also, relative stability of rural economic. The diversification in economic activities in study area makes the increase of non-agricultural job opportunities, the growth of employment, and the increase of motivation for improving of work and activity situation, the increase of employment rate in servicing and investing, the availability of rural people to financial services, the increase of families' savings opportunities, public investments in various fields. However, more effect on employment and investment had less effect on production increase in village level. So as, agricultural productions have reduced because of dehydration and non-agricultural productions are not placed at appropriate level.Most theories of development, the environmental crisis and the economic stability of rural diversification activities proposed approach and the approach is considered necessary for a sustainable economy. In this regard, the main problem of this study is the evaluation of the effects of diversification to activities in stability of rural economic. The present study is applied and its method is analytical- descriptive. The methods of data collection were field survey. The sample obtained by improved formula Cochran 126 households and for generalization, it upgraded to 136 households. The tools of data collection were questionnaire and interview and respondents were selected with randomly sampling. The data analysis has done quantitative and with using of Descriptive and Inferential statistics (one- sample test, correlational, and path analysis). The findings show, With reduction of water level of Urmia Lake of study area during recent decades faced with deterioration of agriculture that is the most important part of economic and the biggest income resource. For coping with this environmental and rural economic stability crisis, the rural people did the diversification of economic activities. These occupations can improve the situation of rural families and also, relative stability of rural economic. The diversification in economic activities in study area makes the increase of non-agricultural job opportunities, the growth of employment, and the increase of motivation for improving of work and activity situation, the increase of employment rate in servicing and investing, the availability of rural people to financial services, the increase of families' savings opportunities, public investments in various fields. However, more effect on employment and investment had less effect on production increase in village level. So as, agricultural productions have reduced because of dehydration and non-agricultural productions are not placed at appropriate level.Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901Measuring of coastal tourism effects on sustainable development of coastal villages of Gilan provinceMeasuring of coastal tourism effects on sustainable development of coastal villages of Gilan province14516033187FAYaser RamezannejadTARBIAT MODARES UNIVERSITYJournal Article20150523Sustainability in tourism, including special Specific semantic, the emergence of this concept in the literature of tourism effort in achieving sustainable development in all areas of development. One of the forms of tourism, beach tourism, which can have different effects on coastal villages in economic, environmental, social and physical play. The aim of this study was to measuring the effects of coastal tourism in the economic, social, environmental, and physical on coastal villages, as well as the comparison of the effects between the different dimensions of sustainability as well as to compare the level of sustainability of the villages be studied. Information collected in this study was conducted using a questionnaire.The Statistical Society of this research is the Villagers of coastal villages of Guilan province, that in the their area, safe-making plan has been created that between this type of village 10 villages in 7 county is selected. The sample was based on a sample of 365 individuals were determined Cochran. In this study, data analysis and hypothesis testing of methods of descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency distribution, one-sample t-test and ANOVA were used. villages in terms of sustainability have divided into three homogeneous sub- groups and level of significance for every three subgroups is larger than 0/05, namely the mean of villages in every group are not significantly different with together. In the first group, 8 villages (Gilahmahaleh Alalan, Anbarsr, Haji Bekandeh Taleb Abad, Jefrod, Nilofar Saharkhiz, Darugar Mahalleh and Amin Abad) between 0/988 and 0/848 was located and the second group Taze Abad Village with sustainability level of 1/207 and in the third group Getgasar Village with sustainability of 2/226 is located.Sustainability in tourism, including special Specific semantic, the emergence of this concept in the literature of tourism effort in achieving sustainable development in all areas of development. One of the forms of tourism, beach tourism, which can have different effects on coastal villages in economic, environmental, social and physical play. The aim of this study was to measuring the effects of coastal tourism in the economic, social, environmental, and physical on coastal villages, as well as the comparison of the effects between the different dimensions of sustainability as well as to compare the level of sustainability of the villages be studied. Information collected in this study was conducted using a questionnaire.The Statistical Society of this research is the Villagers of coastal villages of Guilan province, that in the their area, safe-making plan has been created that between this type of village 10 villages in 7 county is selected. The sample was based on a sample of 365 individuals were determined Cochran. In this study, data analysis and hypothesis testing of methods of descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency distribution, one-sample t-test and ANOVA were used. villages in terms of sustainability have divided into three homogeneous sub- groups and level of significance for every three subgroups is larger than 0/05, namely the mean of villages in every group are not significantly different with together. In the first group, 8 villages (Gilahmahaleh Alalan, Anbarsr, Haji Bekandeh Taleb Abad, Jefrod, Nilofar Saharkhiz, Darugar Mahalleh and Amin Abad) between 0/988 and 0/848 was located and the second group Taze Abad Village with sustainability level of 1/207 and in the third group Getgasar Village with sustainability of 2/226 is located.Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901Analyze and explain the effects of tourism on the quality of life (Case study: Babak city-Kerman)Analyze and explain the effects of tourism on the quality of life (Case study: Babak city-Kerman)16117433188FAJournal Article20150529Today the issue of quality of life has become important with the development of societies and improvement of living standards, because the ultimate goal of development is to achieve a optimal living. So it is inalienable the research about quality of life and effective factors on its promotion in order to advance the sustainable development programs of urban and rural areas. Accordingly, the aim of this research is evaluation of the effects of tourism on the quality of life of citizens, because the tourism industry as the industry of third millennium is one of the most profitable industries in the world and the factor of economic growth, prosperity and development of a country. The research method is analytical- descriptive and data and information are collected through the field methods. Statistical population is the residents in the city of Babak that it has been selected sample of 381 people with stratified sampling and using the Cochran formula. In this regard, a pilot test has been conducted to obtain the reliability coefficient of questionnaire and its cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient 0.81, indicates that research tools is suitable. For data analysis is used descriptive and analytic statistics. The results Obtained from output of the T-test at 95% confidence show that the studied area has suitable quality of life. Also the results of confirmatory factor analysis showed the effectiveness of items of the quality of life of tourism activities. On the basis of homogeneity of the chi-squared test showed that there is a significant and direct relationship between tourism and items of quality of life in level of 99%.Today the issue of quality of life has become important with the development of societies and improvement of living standards, because the ultimate goal of development is to achieve a optimal living. So it is inalienable the research about quality of life and effective factors on its promotion in order to advance the sustainable development programs of urban and rural areas. Accordingly, the aim of this research is evaluation of the effects of tourism on the quality of life of citizens, because the tourism industry as the industry of third millennium is one of the most profitable industries in the world and the factor of economic growth, prosperity and development of a country. The research method is analytical- descriptive and data and information are collected through the field methods. Statistical population is the residents in the city of Babak that it has been selected sample of 381 people with stratified sampling and using the Cochran formula. In this regard, a pilot test has been conducted to obtain the reliability coefficient of questionnaire and its cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient 0.81, indicates that research tools is suitable. For data analysis is used descriptive and analytic statistics. The results Obtained from output of the T-test at 95% confidence show that the studied area has suitable quality of life. Also the results of confirmatory factor analysis showed the effectiveness of items of the quality of life of tourism activities. On the basis of homogeneity of the chi-squared test showed that there is a significant and direct relationship between tourism and items of quality of life in level of 99%.Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901(
ComparativeEffects of SocialCapitalinEnvironmentalQuality in SmallCitiesUrban (Case Study: Small CitiesGilan Province)(
ComparativeEffects of SocialCapitalinEnvironmentalQuality in SmallCitiesUrban (Case Study: Small CitiesGilan Province)19521233373FAJournal Article20160201Although social capital is a new concept and new urban areas and human studies, but this concept is rooted in human relationships. Today, it is clear that the development of civil society, including the international standards for environmental and social context is formed only by the existence of social capital. The main objective of this study was to find the relationship between population size of small cities and their role in generating social capital and quality of life of their people. The research method is descriptive-analytical use of library resources and survey (questionnaires) for measuring the quality of life of resident's small cities is Gilan province. Data collection software, and then to determine the relationship between social capital Spss to improve the quality of life of citizens, such as average test descriptive and inferential test, Pearson and cluster analysis were used. The results indicate that the first small Cities according to population size of the province in terms of social capital formation is different, and in some measures have produced good condition, while others were poor. Social capital also significantly correlated with the size of their population and in the densely populated capital cities of Astana and appreciable those with favorable and less populated cities like Masal, Amlash and Siahkal were unfavorable. Secondly, a significant interaction between social capital and improve the quality of life of residents in small cities there, according to population size Data collection software, and then to determine the relationship between social capital Spss to improve province in terms of social capital formation is different, and in some measures have produced good condition, while others were poor. Social capital also significantly correlated with the size of their ion between social capital and improve the quality of life of residents in small cities there, according to population size.Although social capital is a new concept and new urban areas and human studies, but this concept is rooted in human relationships. Today, it is clear that the development of civil society, including the international standards for environmental and social context is formed only by the existence of social capital. The main objective of this study was to find the relationship between population size of small cities and their role in generating social capital and quality of life of their people. The research method is descriptive-analytical use of library resources and survey (questionnaires) for measuring the quality of life of resident's small cities is Gilan province. Data collection software, and then to determine the relationship between social capital Spss to improve the quality of life of citizens, such as average test descriptive and inferential test, Pearson and cluster analysis were used. The results indicate that the first small Cities according to population size of the province in terms of social capital formation is different, and in some measures have produced good condition, while others were poor. Social capital also significantly correlated with the size of their population and in the densely populated capital cities of Astana and appreciable those with favorable and less populated cities like Masal, Amlash and Siahkal were unfavorable. Secondly, a significant interaction between social capital and improve the quality of life of residents in small cities there, according to population size Data collection software, and then to determine the relationship between social capital Spss to improve province in terms of social capital formation is different, and in some measures have produced good condition, while others were poor. Social capital also significantly correlated with the size of their ion between social capital and improve the quality of life of residents in small cities there, according to population size.Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901Analysis and investigation of vitality in new urban parks
(Case Study: Water and Fire Park, Tehran)Analysis and investigation of vitality in new urban parks
(Case Study: Water and Fire Park, Tehran)19320834093FAJournal Article20150107Abstract Urban parks as public spaces, due to the different functions of social, economic and ecological are considered as a main component of the urban environment. Meanwhile, despite a direct an important effect of urban parks on vitality and taking place of crucial roles in these places through the continuous presence of citizens and improving the environment, less research has addressed the vitality of these spaces. This paper,in a research framework,attempts to identify factors affecting the vitality of urban parks and then examine and prioritize them for Fire and Water Park of Tehran. Finally, presents some suggestions for enhancing the vitality of the park.In this regard, the criteria considered are: services, aesthetics, recreation, safety, access, security, lighting and cognitive - emotional. Vitality factors extracted from the exploratory factor analysis, as the dependent variable and the park’svitality as the dependent variable were applied in multiple linear regression model using the Software SPSS 22. The results show that the recreational, aesthetic and service factors with the ratio of 0.821, 0.741 and 0.714 are the most important factors that influence the vitality of Water and Fire Park.And eventually the citizens’ average satisfaction in the field of vitality by 95% confidence shows that citizens are satisfied about the park’svitality. But issues such as the furniture and its layout and color,beside of the quality of different sports spaces are the most important issues which should be given more attention to increase the vitality of the park. Keywords: public spaces, vitality, urban parks, Ab and Atash Park.Abstract Urban parks as public spaces, due to the different functions of social, economic and ecological are considered as a main component of the urban environment. Meanwhile, despite a direct an important effect of urban parks on vitality and taking place of crucial roles in these places through the continuous presence of citizens and improving the environment, less research has addressed the vitality of these spaces. This paper,in a research framework,attempts to identify factors affecting the vitality of urban parks and then examine and prioritize them for Fire and Water Park of Tehran. Finally, presents some suggestions for enhancing the vitality of the park.In this regard, the criteria considered are: services, aesthetics, recreation, safety, access, security, lighting and cognitive - emotional. Vitality factors extracted from the exploratory factor analysis, as the dependent variable and the park’svitality as the dependent variable were applied in multiple linear regression model using the Software SPSS 22. The results show that the recreational, aesthetic and service factors with the ratio of 0.821, 0.741 and 0.714 are the most important factors that influence the vitality of Water and Fire Park.And eventually the citizens’ average satisfaction in the field of vitality by 95% confidence shows that citizens are satisfied about the park’svitality. But issues such as the furniture and its layout and color,beside of the quality of different sports spaces are the most important issues which should be given more attention to increase the vitality of the park. Keywords: public spaces, vitality, urban parks, Ab and Atash Park.Golestan UniversityGeographical Planning of Space2538-573962020160901Explaining a Model for Integrated Watershed Management in IranExplaining a Model for Integrated Watershed Management in Iran20922634094FAJournal Article20150110Explaining a Model for Integrated Watershed Management in Iran Abstract Natural resources sustainability requires implementing the integrated watershed management approach. In fact, watershed management needs creating new horizons, which is based on systematic approach, modern science, and indigenous knowledge. it is essential to consider new path to watershed management by new thought and opinion and remove existing challenges. Results showed that this path is selection of integrated approach in watershed management. In this regard,watershed management requires a new model and framework. The aim of this research was explaining a model for integrated watershed management in Iran. The statistical population of this study was consisted of experts of natural resources in Tehran, Semnan, Kermanshah, Sistan and Baluchestan and Yazd provinces. Research sample selected through proportionate stratified random sampling method (n=316). Questionnaire was the main tool for data collection.Results of structural equation modeling showed that causative condition (management challenges, climatic-environmental factors, local people socio-cultural conditions and their economical conditions), contextual conditions (physical conditions of watershed, and infrastructure and constructive facilities) and intervening conditions (extension and education, motivation, attitude and professional ethic factors) had significant effects on strategies regarding to integrated watershed management and were explained 65 percent of its variation. Strategies regarding to integrated watershed management was explained 73 percent of the variance of consequences of implementing integrated watershed management. Designed model can be a guide map for decisions and actions regarding to watershed management, which lead to improve in sustainability of watershed management of Iran. Keywords: Integrated management, Watershed, Model, ConsequencesExplaining a Model for Integrated Watershed Management in Iran Abstract Natural resources sustainability requires implementing the integrated watershed management approach. In fact, watershed management needs creating new horizons, which is based on systematic approach, modern science, and indigenous knowledge. it is essential to consider new path to watershed management by new thought and opinion and remove existing challenges. Results showed that this path is selection of integrated approach in watershed management. In this regard,watershed management requires a new model and framework. The aim of this research was explaining a model for integrated watershed management in Iran. The statistical population of this study was consisted of experts of natural resources in Tehran, Semnan, Kermanshah, Sistan and Baluchestan and Yazd provinces. Research sample selected through proportionate stratified random sampling method (n=316). Questionnaire was the main tool for data collection.Results of structural equation modeling showed that causative condition (management challenges, climatic-environmental factors, local people socio-cultural conditions and their economical conditions), contextual conditions (physical conditions of watershed, and infrastructure and constructive facilities) and intervening conditions (extension and education, motivation, attitude and professional ethic factors) had significant effects on strategies regarding to integrated watershed management and were explained 65 percent of its variation. Strategies regarding to integrated watershed management was explained 73 percent of the variance of consequences of implementing integrated watershed management. Designed model can be a guide map for decisions and actions regarding to watershed management, which lead to improve in sustainability of watershed management of Iran. Keywords: Integrated management, Watershed, Model, Consequences